International Journal of Scientific Research and Management (IJSRM)
Welcome to IJSRM, the premier online destination for researchers, scholars, and innovators. Our platform provides a global network of professionals and experts in various fields of research, promoting knowledge-sharing and collaboration on a scale like never before. At IJSRM, we are dedicated to empowering researchers, educators, and practitioners from all corners of the world to explore the frontiers of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) through a range of digital resources. From scholarly articles and research papers to thought-provoking discussions and interviews with leading experts in the field, our platform offers a wealth of information and insights that inspire innovation and discovery. We believe that research and innovation have the power to change the world, and we are committed to providing a platform that empowers researchers and scholars to make a difference. Whether you are a seasoned researcher or an aspiring student, our platform is designed to help you unlock your potential and achieve your academic and professional goals. Join us today and discover a world of endless possibilities for your research and innovation. Together, let's shape the future of academia and make a difference in the world.
Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning for Resource-Optimal LLM Serving in SaaS Clouds
Large Language Models (LLMs) have been the cornerstone for current Software as a Service (SaaS) solutions. These LLMs have made intelligent automation and analytics possible. But their current computation or inference cost is high. As a result, cloud service companies face challenges with respect to cloud scalability. Adaptive Precision Scaling (APS) is the strategy of adapting computational precision during execution. This paper describes the newly proposed architecture of Adaptive Precision Scaling (APS) in the context of Software as a Service (SaaS) and proposes a taxonomy of precision scaling to have a clearer understanding of precision adaptivity.
Large Language Models, SaaS, Adaptive Precision, Energy Efficiency, Coherence, Factuality, Model Serving.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vasanthi Jangala Naga https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Ethical and Bias-Aware Data Science: Quantifying and Mitigating Algorithmic Inequality
The increasing adoption of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) in decision-making systems has raised critical concerns about fairness, transparency, and social equity. While these technologies promise efficiency and objectivity, evidence shows that they often reproduce structural inequalities embedded within historical datasets. This research examines the foundations of ethical and bias-aware data science with the aim of quantifying and mitigating algorithmic inequality—the unequal outcomes generated by automated models. Drawing upon twenty influential studies in the field, the paper develops an integrated analytical framework combining theoretical, computational, and ethical perspectives. Using benchmark datasets such as COMPAS (criminal justice), UCI Adult (income classification), and MIMIC-III (healthcare outcomes), the study applies three principal fairness metrics: Statistical Parity, Equal Opportunity, and Predictive Equality. Bias mitigation strategies are analyzed across pre-processing, in-processing, and post-processing stages. Results indicate that in-processing techniques achieve the highest fairness improvements (ΔFair ≈ 0.22) but with a moderate accuracy trade-off (ΔAcc ≈ 0.05), whereas pre- and post-processing approaches provide balanced yet less substantial gains. Complementary frameworks such as Model Cards and Datasheets for Datasets further enhance algorithmic transparency and accountability. Case studies from facial recognition, healthcare, and judicial systems illustrate the real-world impacts of algorithmic bias and demonstrate the need for continuous ethical auditing. The paper concludes that sustainable fairness in data science demands multidimensional interventions—integrating quantitative fairness metrics, transparent documentation, and participatory governance. Such alignment of computational precision and ethical oversight ensures that data-driven systems promote equity rather than reinforce inequality.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tosin Clement, Hakeem Onayemi, Muslihat Adejoke Gaffari https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Exploring Student and Teacher Experiences in the ‘Fun Science Tasks at Home’ eTwinning Project
The Covid-19 pandemic has made the use of digital tools mandatory by rapidly shifting the education system to remote learning environments. eTwinning projects conducted online have provided valuable learning experiences for both teachers and students. Considering its role in international cooperation and the development of digital competence, eTwinning projects stand out as critical tools that promote innovation in education during the remote learning period. This study aims to introduce the 'Fun Science Tasks at Home' eTwinning project, which includes education and digital games, and to examine the project's contribution to students' interest in science lessons and the digital skills of both students and teachers. A total of 10 science teachers from different provinces of Turkey and 49 middle school students in grades 7 and 8 participated in the study. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews, observations, and a teacher and students self-assessment forms used as data collection tools. The findings indicate that the project increased students' interest, motivation, and participation in science classes, strengthened cooperation among students, and positively supported the digital skills of both students and teachers. Additionally, the project contributed to students reinforcing scientific concepts in collaboration with their families and provided important insights into teacher-student interaction in remote science education.
eTwinning, science education, web 2.0 tools, middle school, Turkey
Copyright (c) 2025 Derya Kaya Usta, Gunay Palic Sadoglu, Elvan Sekban Bilgin https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Global Research Trends In Digital Marketing: A Bibliometric Analysis From Scopus (2015–2025)
The rapid diffusion of artificial intelligence (AI) has reshaped the foundations of digital marketing, transforming how organizations analyze data, predict consumer behavior, and design customer engagement strategies. This study aims to provide a systematic overview of global research on AI-driven digital marketing by applying bibliometric techniques to publications indexed in the Scopus database between 2018 and 2025. A total of 1,405 documents including 1,307 articles and 98 review papers were retrieved and analyzed directly from the Scopus database to map publication performance, journal productivity, authorship patterns, thematic structures, and geographical distribution. Results indicate a sharp rise in academic attention after 2021, reflecting the growing convergence of artificial intelligence, machine learning, and consumer analytics within marketing research. The United States, India, and China remain the most influential contributors, while emerging economies such as Malaysia and Indonesia have shown increasing scholarly visibility in recent years. Keyword and thematic analyses highlight four major research streams: (i) AI adoption and marketing automation, (ii) consumer behavior and engagement analytics, (iii) data ethics and transparency, and (iv) sustainable and responsible AI marketing. Overall, the findings demonstrate that the field is transitioning from experimental adoption toward a mature, interdisciplinary, and globally distributed research domain. The study offers valuable insights for scholars and practitioners seeking to understand how intelligent technologies are redefining marketing theory and practice in the digital era.
rtificial Intelligence; Digital Marketing; Machine Learning; Consumer Analytics; Bibliometric Analysis; Scopus; Data-Driven Marketing; Thematic Mapping
Copyright (c) 2025 Le Thi Ut https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Building a Culture of Quality Through the Ethos of Service and Justice in Christian Education
The culture of quality in Christian education is not merely related to academic standards and administrative mechanisms of quality assurance, but also to the spiritual values that permeate the entire academic life. This study aims to conceptually examine the role of the ethos of service (diakonia) and the value of justice (dikaiosune) in shaping a culture of quality within Christian educational institutions. The approach employed is a reflective literature study by reviewing twenty primary sources, consisting of theological and educational books, five international journals, and three relevant national journals. The findings indicate that a genuine culture of quality grows from the awareness of faith to serve God and others with excellence, honesty, and responsibility. The value of justice functions as an ethical dimension that ensures quality does not merely benefit certain groups but also provides space for growth for the entire academic community. This study proposes a conceptual model of quality culture grounded in the spirituality of service and justice, which strengthens the integrity, professionalism, and witness of Christian educational institutions amid the challenges of globalized higher education. The novelty of this study lies in developing a model of quality culture that integrates the theology of service with the value of justice.
Quality Culture, Service Ethos and Justice, Christian Education.
Copyright (c) 2025 Afriani Manalu, Hotmaulina Sihotang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Exploring the Interconnected Pathways of Intermittent Fasting, Weight, and Education on Basal Metabolic Index:A Structural Equation Model
This study investigates the correlation between Intermittent Fasting (IF), Weight Efficacy Lifestyle (WEL) scores, and weight, with education considered as a potential mediating variable, and their combined impact on the Basal Metabolic Index (BMI) among Filipinos. Intermittent fasting has gained popularity as a weight management strategy, yet its effects may vary depending on individual factors such as educational attainment, lifestyle, and health awareness. To explore these relationships, data were collected from 200 respondents across Region X, Philippines, utilizing the standardized Weight Efficacy Lifestyle (WEL) Survey Questionnaire. Descriptive and correlational analyses were performed to determine the consistency and variability among educational level, BMI, weight, and WEL scores. The findings revealed a notable relationship between educational attainment and adherence to intermittent fasting practices, which in turn influenced BMI outcomes. Higher educational levels were associated with improved self-regulation in dietary habits and a more consistent application of IF protocols, contributing to healthier BMI levels. Conversely, participants with lower educational backgrounds demonstrated greater variability in WEL scores and BMI results, suggesting that educational interventions could enhance the safe and effective practice of IF. These results provide a strong basis for further investigation using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to assess the mediating role of education more comprehensively. From a public health perspective, this study highlights the importance of integrating nutritional education and behavioral support into fasting programs to promote sustainable and safe weight management among Filipinos, thereby fostering overall metabolic health and well-being.
Intermittent Fasting, Weight Efficacy Lifestyle, Basal Metabolic Index, Education, Weight Management, Structural Equation Modeling
Copyright (c) 2025 Ralph Vendel Musni https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Factors Affecting Students' Intention to Use Green Vehicles in Hanoi City: The Role of Regulation from the State's Support Policies
The wave of greening traffic is becoming a new phenomenon, attracting the attention of a large public. Currently, many domestic and foreign researchers have chosen greening traffic or green vehicles as a research topic, many of which have shown factors affecting the intention to use green vehicles. In Vietnam, although there have been research projects related to green vehicles, the amount of research is still limited and does not meet the needs of society. This study was conducted among students in Hanoi city to point out the factors affecting the intention to use green vehicles, thereby evaluating the role of regulation from governments. State books. Research results show that there are 7 factors that affect students' intention to use green vehicles including (Infrastructure, Price, Social Environment, Awareness, Attitude, Knowledge and Finance). individual). The research results are used as a basis to propose solutions to increase students' intention to use green vehicles in Hanoi city.
Green Vehicles, Green Transportation, Policy, State
Copyright (c) 2025 Nguyễn Thị Tuyến https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Developing Speaking Skills in Arabic Learners: A Proposal for Integration of Product and Process Approaches
Abstract This work identifies the issues that concern Arabic Language learning as a second language in the Maldives educational institutions.it looks at ways of encouraging and motivating Arabic learners and explore issue relating to Arabic speaking skills, course design and materials/task development among others. The paper proposes an integrative approach to Arabic speaking pedagogy. It provides a sample Arabic speaking lesson that is designed to illustrate some of the main points discussed while the practical ways of using the principles in the designing of teaching materials for speaking are presented. A multiple case study mixed methods research a qualitative and quantitative research design was used to achieve the research aim. Qualitative research was found suitable as its allows for examination of opinions, beliefs as and emotions of people in particular setting. Selected populations involves students, lectures, tutors and other stakeholders, data collection instruments were used questionnaire, interviews and procedure for analysis. The work concludes that product and process oriented approaches are complimentary. Suggestions are made on ways in which the teachers can go about the task of helping and supporting the Arabic learners in various educational institutions in the Maldives to develop the speaking skills through the application of a functional- discourse based approach which is an integration of the two approaches.
Arabic, Learning, Speaking, Integrative approach, Functional-discourse, Feedback.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mohamed Uwais Mohamed Ameen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Bibliometric and Network Analysis of Arabic Language Resources and Digital Tools
Purpose of this Study methodology findings Conclusion
Development and Performance Analysis of a Dehulling Machine for Enhanced Efficiency and Quality Processing of Soybean
The study focused on the design and fabrication of a soybean dehulling machine aimed at improving processing efficiency and reducing the labour associated with manual dehulling. The machine was powered by one horsepower (1HP) electric motor operating at a rotational speed of 600 rpm. It was designed to effectively separate the seed coat from the cotyledon while minimizing mechanical damage. The performance evaluation was carried out at three different levels of moisture content 10%, 12%, and 14% to determine the effect of seed moisture on dehulling efficiency and seed breakage. The performance of the machine was affected by the seed moisture level. An optimum performance occurred at 12% moisture content, with a dehulling efficiency of 90.4% and a minimal breakage rate of 0.3%. These findings indicate that moderate moisture enhances the frictional interaction between the seeds and the dehulling surface, leading to efficient shell removal. The developed machine demonstrated a reliable operation, ease of maintenance, and suitability for small and medium scale soybean processors.
Soybean; Dehulling machine; Moisture content; Machine performance; Breakage rate
Copyright (c) 2025 Olajide O. G., Fawohunre A. J. , Fasoyin S. A. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Safety Compliance, Safety Training, Safety Competence, and Safety Supervision as Determinants of OHS Performance: The Mediating Role of Motivation in the Oil and Gas Industry
The presence of contractors with a occupational health and safety (OHS) culture differing from the main company at PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional (KPI) Refinery Unit VI Balongan presents challenges to consistently achieving safe work behavior, despite a relatively low occupational accident rate. This strategic national refinery operates under high activity levels and complex risk conditions, making effective occupational health and safety (OHS) management essential for operational continuity and corporate reputation. This study examines the effects of safety compliance, safety training, safety competence, and safety supervision on OHS performance, with employee motivation as a mediating factor. A quantitative survey was conducted among 150 contractor employees, and data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings reveal that safety supervisi has the strongest direct impact on OHS performance, while compliance, training, and supervision also contribute positively. Motivation serves as a significant mediator, demonstrating that both internal and external drives enable employees to translate organizational safety policies into consistent safe work practices. These results highlight the critical role of enhancing safety competence, implementing motivational strategies, and conducting interactive supervision to support effective OHS practices in workplaces with diverse safety cultures.
safety compliance, safety training, safety competence, safety supervision, motivation, OHS performance
Copyright (c) 2025 Julius Pasaribu, Fauziah Eddyono https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
National Predictive Analytics Framework for Preventing Healthcare Fraud and Abuse
Healthcare fraud and abuse remain critical challenges that undermine financial integrity and service delivery within health systems. This study developed a national predictive analytics framework to identify and prevent healthcare fraud using anomaly detection techniques. The analysis employed machine learning algorithms to evaluate claim patterns across different payer types and geographic regions. Results revealed that most healthcare claims exhibited normal behavioral patterns, while a small subset demonstrated significantly high anomaly scores, suggesting potential fraudulent activities. Commercial payers recorded the highest proportion of anomalies, followed by Medi-Cal, whereas Medicare showed the lowest frequency of irregular claims. Geographic analysis indicated that Los Angeles had the greatest concentration of anomalous records, highlighting a strong spatial clustering effect in high-volume urban regions. The correlation between Z-scores and anomaly scores confirmed the reliability of the model in detecting statistical deviations and behavioral inconsistencies. These findings emphasize the importance of integrating predictive analytics into healthcare oversight mechanisms to improve transparency, accountability, and operational efficiency. The study concludes that adopting data-driven fraud detection systems can significantly strengthen institutional capacity for proactive fraud prevention. Furthermore, the framework provides a scalable model that regulatory agencies and health insurers can adapt to monitor claim integrity, allocate resources efficiently, and sustain trust within the healthcare ecosystem.
Copyright (c) 2025 Abdul-Waliyyu Bello, Aishat Ojikutu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Review of Moral Governance in Rural China over the Past Century: Theoretical and Practical Evolution
As a core paradigm embedded in rural governance, moral governance has undergone profound evolution in its theory, practice, roles, and functions. Modern moral governance transcends mere moral indoctrination, playing a pivotal role in value guidance and order maintenance within rural governance. Furthermore, with the rapid advancement of digital technologies, contemporary rural moral governance faces both opportunities and challenges. Deeply excavating the philosophical foundations of moral governance, exploring innovative pathways for its practice, and promoting its creative transformation and development are essential to achieving the integrated evolution of modern rural governance systems.
Moral Governance; Rural Governance; Tripartite Governance; Governance Modernization
Copyright (c) 2025 Qiaoyu Du https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sustainable Development Goals in a Sharia Perspective: A Systematic Literature Review
This research aims to analyze how maqāṣid al-Sharīʿah and the principles of sharia governance can be the basis for the formation of a public budget framework that is in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The main focus of the research is directed at the effectiveness of various Islamic financial instruments in improving the efficiency of sustainable development financing. The method used is a qualitative approach based on library research, by examining the latest scientific literature in the last five years that is relevant to the topic of study. Data were collected through an in-depth review of journals, books, and academic reports related to maqāṣid, Islamic finance, and the SDGs. The results of the analysis show that maqāṣid al-Sharīʿahnot only serves as a normative foundation, but also as an applicative framework in fiscal policy formulation. In addition, Islamic financial instruments have proven to have a strategic role in supporting ethical, equitable, and sustainability-oriented development financing. This study opens up theoretical and practical opportunities for the development of an Islamic public financial system that is adaptive to the values of maqāṣid while supporting the implementation of the SDGs as a whole.
Copyright (c) 2025 Muhamma Ardi , Fahrudin Zain Olilingo , Raflin Hinelo , Tri Handayani Amaliah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Dairy Industry In Uruguay: Is The Path Of Intensification Sustainable?
Dairy farming in Uruguay has undergone a profound intensification process in recent decades, doubling its production with half the number of farms. This growth, based on increased stocking rates, individual productivity, and the use of external inputs, has generated economic benefits but also significant environmental pressures. This article analyzes the environmental sustainability of this model, based on an extensive review of national research. It examines critical impacts such as water pollution from nutrient surplus (Nitrogen and Phosphorus), evidenced by the eutrophication of streams and contamination of wells, and soil degradation, with significant organic carbon losses associated with conventional tillage. High-intensification systems, which seek to maximize production, are contrasted with alternative, more pastoral, and lower-cost models that, although achieving lower physical productivity, can achieve similar economic results with less risk and input dependency. The article concludes that while validated tools and technologies exist in the country to mitigate impacts such as integrated effluent management through anaerobic digesters and conservation agriculture (no-till) there is still a long way to go in their widespread adoption. The sustainable future of Uruguayan dairy farming requires a redefinition of efficiency, integrating environmental management as a strategic pillar to align the sector's competitiveness with its long-term resilience.
dairy farming, environmental sustainability, intensification, effluent management, soil quality, Uruguay.
Copyright (c) 2025 Leonardo Vique González https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Hotel Strategy in the Online Travel Agents Era:Empirical Evidence of Consumer Preferences from Conjoint Analysis
The rapid development of digital technology has significantly transformed consumer behaviour in hotel bookings, with Online Travel Agencies (OTAs) becoming the dominant channel in Indonesia’s hospitality industry. While previous studies have examined individual factors such as price, trust, or application features, limited research has explored the combined influence of multiple attributes on consumer decision-making, particularly within domestic OTA platforms. To address this gap, this study investigates consumer preferences in hotel booking through OTAs by employing conjoint analysis. Data were collected from 78 respondents who had booked accommodations via Traveloka or Tiket.com at a three-star hotel in Jakarta. The findings reveal that room price is the most influential attribute (31.34%), followed by hotel location (17.24%), promotions (13.79%), and application features (10.34%). Specifically, consumers exhibit strong preferences for affordable prices, hotels located near travel destinations, flexible payment and cancellation options, and seasonal or cultural promotions. Model validation using Pearson’s R (0.912) and Kendall’s Tau (0.854) confirms the robustness and predictive accuracy of the conjoint model. This research contributes to digital marketing and hospitality literature by highlighting the multidimensional nature of consumer decision-making in OTA contexts. Practically, the findings provide strategic insights for hotels to optimize pricing, location communication, digital transaction features, and context-based promotions to strengthen competitiveness in the evolving online travel market.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fauziah Eddyono, Friana Tupamahu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Profit Maximization Through Customer Profitability Management Using Whale Curve and Time-Driven Activity Based Costing
This study aims to formulate a profit maximization strategy for an offset printing company by integrating Customer Profitability Management (CPM) through Whale Curve Analysis and Time-Driven Activity-Based Costing (TDABC). The research was conducted as a quantitative case study at one of offset printing company in Indonesia, focusing on the food packaging segment comprising 147 customers. Whale Curve Analysis was used to map customer profitability distribution, while TDABC was applied to calculate more accurate production costs by considering time-based capacity rates. The results show that 20.41% of customers contribute 58.39% of the total contribution margin, 59.86% are at break-even, and 19.73% are less profitable. The TDABC analysis revealed a production cost reduction of IDR 266,234,623 compared to the company’s traditional costing method, indicating previous overcosting and undercosting practices. The integration of Whale Curve and TDABC enabled the identification of profitable, break-even, and unprofitable customers and guided the development of differentiated strategies to retain, improve, or transform them. The study concludes that applying TDABC enhances cost accuracy and efficiency, while Whale Curve Analysis provides a clearer understanding of customer profitability—together leading to improved decision-making, competitive pricing, and overall profit maximization in the printing industry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Intan Nurul Awwaliyah, M.Sc., Tiara Islamaya Subiakto, Hadi Paramu, MBA, Ph.D. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Impact of Smartphones on Children’s Communication Skills Through Research In Some Countries And Vietnam
In the context of strong development of science and technology, the emergence of more and more types of smartphones has had a great impact on all areas of human activities and life, especially children. Research on the impact of smartphone use is a topic that has been conducted by many researchers in many countries in general and Vietnam in particular. Therefore, research on the impact of smartphones on children in terms of benefits and harms to children is necessary . The article mentions research directions on the impact of smartphone use on children's communication skills through studying theories, concepts, methods, content and general findings on the positive and negative impacts of smartphones on children in some countries in the world and in Vietnam. Thereby, proposing some solutions to improve the effectiveness of phone use for children.
Copyright (c) 2025 Thi Hoai An Nguyen, Huynh Tam Dan Truong https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Digital Literacy, Financial Technology Adoption, and Sustainable Business Practices Among MSMEs: Evidence From Gorontalo
Digital transformation has reshaped financial management and accounting behavior among micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), particularly within the framework of Islamic finance, where technology adoption is closely linked to ethical and sharia compliance values. This study examines the influence of digital literacy on sustainable business practices, with Islamic fintech adoption as a mediating variable among MSME actors in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia. Using a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design, this research integrates quantitative data from 49 respondents with qualitative insights obtained through in-depth interviews. The quantitative findings indicate that digital literacy significantly affects sustainable business practices (β = 0.6303, p < 0.001), while the mediating role of Islamic fintech adoption is statistically insignificant (z = 1.188, p = 0.235). The qualitative analysis reveals that social trust, religious values, and accessibility shape MSME adoption behavior toward Pegadaian Digital Syariah. Theoretically, this study strengthens the integration of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Diffusion of Innovation Theory (DOI), and Sustainable Business Model Innovation (SBM) in explaining digital transformation within Islamic finance. Practically, the results emphasize the importance of Islamic value-based digital literacy programs and inclusive digital financial accounting strategies that foster trust, ethics, and sustainability. Overall, digital literacy emerges as the key driver of MSME sustainability in the digital era, while the success of Islamic fintech adoption depends on ethical awareness and socio-cultural trust within local contexts.
digital literacy, Islamic fintech adoption, digital financial accounting, sustainable business practices, MSMEs
Copyright (c) 2025 Juniaty Ismail, Herwin Mopangga , Fony Abdullah , Muhammad Ardi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Role of Digital Media in Promoting and Preserving the Cultural Values of the Central Highlands Gong Songs
In the context of strong development of science and technology, the emergence of more and more forms of communication has had a great impact on all areas of human activities and life, especially in the field of preserving and promoting cultural values. Researching the role of digital communication in preserving and promoting the cultural values of gongs is one of the research issues that has been focused on, concerned and conducted a lot in recent times. This article aims to analyze the roles of digital media in the preservation of Gong Chieng cultural heritage in the context of rapid global digital transformation. The main research method is to synthesize documents and analyze some of the main roles of digital traditions. Initial findings show that digital technology is contributing positively to the management and preservation of cultural heritage in general and Gong Chieng culture in particular - not only in terms of data storage but also by expanding the accessibility, interaction and dissemination of Gong Chieng cultural values to the public. Digital media helps the community connect and educate human values ​​to many generations. However, digital media in the process of preserving Gong culture still faces many challenges in quality management, content with online publications, copyright, etc.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Nguyen Thi Hoai An, Nguyen Ngoc Minh Khue https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Promoting the Export of Shrimp Products from Kien Giang – Vietnam toward Sustainable Development
Vietnam’s shrimp exporting industry plays a pivotal role in the structure of the national fisheries economy, generating billions of USD in annual export value. The year 2024 marked a significant milestone as Vietnam’s shrimp exports continued to achieve steady growth in key markets such as the United States, the European Union, and China. Alongside major provinces like Ca Mau, Soc Trang, and Bac Lieu, Kien Giang has made substantial contributions to the prosperity of the seafood industry. Shrimp farmed and processed in Kien Giang are primarily exported to Asian and European markets, contributing considerably to the province’s income and shaping its local economic development. This study provides an overview of the current state of shrimp product exports in Kien Giang, assesses them based on sustainable development criteria, and proposes strategic solutions to promote the export of local shrimp products toward sustainable development in the coming years.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Nguyen Thi Huong Giang, Truong Thanh Tu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Research on Expression Methods of Hit Sensation in 2D Games
A large number of 2D games include action combat elements. Whether it is horizontal platform jumping games, Metroidvania-style games, or top-down operation games, action and combat are important components of the games. The quality of combat hit sensation largely exerts a significant impact on the gaming experience. Accurate or even exaggerated combat feedback can well stimulate players' interest. This paper discussed methods to enhance the hit sensation in 2D games from aspects such as special effects, sound effects, collision feedback, and camera effects, hoping to provide an assistance for the creation of future games in terms of combat performance.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mengdi Huang, Yanrong Cui https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Case report primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of breast
Case report primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of breast Abstract Osaid Mahmoud Awwad Shoail. MD, Alhareth Ali Hasan Azaizeh. MD, Mothana Yousef Al-Nawaflh. MD, Duha Zaidan Abdel Samad Al-Khamaiseh. MD, Tariq Abdullah Mohammad Alomari. MD, Oadi Abduljalel Ibrahim Al-Wraikat. MD Introduction: Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma (PNEC) of the breast is a rare subtype of breast cancer, often diagnosed in postmenopausal women and typically associated with aggressive clinical behavior. Histological features and the immunohistochemistry expression of neuroendocrine markers constitute the basis for the diagnosis. Due to its rarity, standardized treatment protocols are lacking. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 38-year-old premenopausal female who presented with a painless left breast mass. Imaging revealed a suspicious lesion, and core biopsy confirmed invasive mammary carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. Immunohistochemistry was positive for chromogranin, synaptophysin, and NSE, confirming the diagnosis. The patient underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (dose-dense AC followed by Taxane), followed by breast-conserving surgery and sentinel lymph node biopsy. Due to close surgical margins, she later underwent a nipple-sparing mastectomy with implant reconstruction. Despite systemic therapy, the patient developed liver metastases with a Ki-67 index of 100%, necessitating platinum-based chemotherapy. Conclusion: This case highlights the aggressive nature of PNEC, particularly in younger patients, and underscores the need for heightened clinical suspicion, multidisciplinary management, and further research to guide treatment strategies for this rare malignancy. Keywords: Neuroendocrine tumor, breast carcinoma, diagnosis, immunohistochemistry, metastases
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Osaid M. Shoail, Dr. Alhareth A. Azaizeh, Dr. Mothana Y. Alnawaflh, Dr. Duha Z. Alkhamaiseh, Dr. Tariq A. Alomari, Dr. Oadi A. Alwraikat https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
BPJS Kesehatan Enterprise Architecture (BEA): Strategy for Integrating Business Processes and Information Technology in the Sustainability of the Social Health Insurance Program
Social Health Insurance Administration Body (BPJS Kesehatan), as the administrator of the Social Health Insurance Program (SHI), is required to run the organization effectively and efficiently in order to meet the expectations of participants and the needs of stakeholders through accelerated digital transformation. To achieve this, since 2021 BPJS Kesehatan has initiated the BPJS Kesehatan Enterprise Architecture (BEA) based on the TOGAF Architecture Development Method (ADM) using ArchiMate and the application of Business Process Model and Notation (BPMN). This study aims to describe the BEA development process, analyze the implementation results, and evaluate its contribution to organizational performance using a qualitative case study approach through internal documentation, interviews, and participatory observation. The results show that BEA resulted in the simplification of 354 processes, the re-arrangement of 229 processes, the digitization of 636 activities, and the strengthening of functions in 54 processes. These findings confirm that the business-driven EA approach is relevant for large-scale public organizations. Theoretically, this research enriches the EA literature in the health sector; practically, BEA can be used as a best practice for digital transformation and governance in highly complex public institutions.
Artificial Intelligence (AI), Robotic Process Automation (RPA), Pega, Intelligent Process Automation (IPA), Machine Learning (ML), Natural Language Processing (NLP), Predictive Analytics, Workflow Automation, Cognitive Automation, Digital Transformation, Process Efficiency.
Copyright (c) 2025 Luqman Azis, Luqman Azis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Assessment of Abattoir Effluent on Iyiokwu River, Abakaliki, Ebonyi State
The study was conducted at Abakaliki, the capital city of Ebonyi State, and aimed at assessing the effect of abattoir effluent on Iyiokwu River in Garki mini market. The analysis was done at the beginning of rainy season (April 2017). In order to achieve set objectives, five sampling locations were chosen; they are WQ50, WQ0, WQ100, WQ150 and WQ200 respectively. Some parameters were selected based on their relative importance to abattoir effluent composition and analyzed for physicochemical and microbiological characteristics. These parameters include: Colour (pcu), Odour, Temperature (0°C), Turbidity (NTU), Conductivity (µs/cm), Total Solid (mg/l), Total Dissolved Solid (mg/l), Total suspended solid (mg/l), pH, Cl⁻ (mg/l), SO₄⁻² (mg/l), P04-3 (mg/l), P (mg/l), Ca+ (mg/l), Mg+ (mg/l), CaC03 (mg/l), N0-3 (mg/l), N0-3N, total organic carbon (%), NH₃ (mg/l), NH3-N(mg/l), Pb (mg/l), Cu (mg/l), Ni (mg/l), As (mg/l), and Fe (mg/l). Total Heterotrophic Bacteria Count (cfu), Total Salmonella Shigella Count (cfu), Total Coliform Count (cfu), Total Heterotrophic Fungal Count (cfu), and Total E. coli Count (cfu). The measurement location WQ0 which is the point of discharge has the highest concentration of most of the parameters ranging from temperature as a physical characteristic, to chemical oxygen demand as a chemical characteristic and then to total coliform count as a biological characteristic. Although there was a gradual decrease in the concentration of the parameters from sample point WQ0 downstream, this may be as a result of dispersion along the river flow path. At measurement location WQ200 there was a sudden and sharp increase in some tested parameters such as SO₃, Ni, NO₃, and N0-3N. This may be because of the waste dump site that runs off into Iyiokwu River at this particular point. The tested result showed a statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) when Turbidity, Conductivity, TDS, TSS, Colour, Temperature, pH, Sulphate, Phosphate, Calcium, Magnesium, DO, E. coli, THFC, THBC, TSSC, and TCC measurements at the discharge point (WQ0) were compared with the measurements at the control point (WQ50) and also with the WHO permissible limit. It is recommended that abattoir waste be segregated before discharging into the stream, and it is advised that the discharge point be avoided as a source of domestic water supply. The liquid waste can be a source of biogas, while the solid waste can serve as manure.
Abattoir Dissolved oxygen (DO) Chemical oxygen demand (COD) E-coli Biochemical oxygen demand.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nneka Genevieve Ali, Prof C.O Owuama, Prof C.O Nwoko https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Leveraging Machine Learning to Predict High-Risk Opioid Overdose Cases in Massachusetts: A Jurisdiction-Level Analysis
The opioid crisis remains a significant public health challenge in the United States, characterized by evolving drug supply dynamics and significant geographic and demographic disparities. This study leverages machine learning to analyze jurisdiction-level data from Massachusetts to identify the primary drivers of opioid overdose deaths. Using a descriptive quantitative design, this research employs a supervised machine learning framework, comparing Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, and Ridge Regression models to predict state-level opioid overdose rates. The analysis focuses on model interpretability to determine the relative importance of various substance use rates and demographic factors. The Gradient Boosting Regressor demonstrated exceptional predictive accuracy, achieving a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.81 and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.9930. The feature importance analysis revealed a singular, dominant predictor: the stimulant rate. This finding indicates that the co-use of stimulants is the most critical factor driving opioid-related fatalities, overshadowing the predictive power of other variables, including the fentanyl dominance ratio, heroin rate, and demographic characteristics. The results strongly suggest that the opioid epidemic has transitioned into a polysubstance crisis. Consequently, effective public health interventions must shift from an opioid-centric focus to integrated strategies that address the concurrent use of opioids and stimulants. This study underscores the power of machine learning to provide clear, actionable insights for tackling complex public health crises and recommends the reallocation of resources toward programs that target polysubstance use.
Copyright (c) 2025 Awele Okolie, Dumebi Okolie , Callistus Obunadike, Darlington Ekweli , Bello Abdul-Waliyyu, Paschal Alumona https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
In-vivo Anti-lipidemia and Anti-oxidant Activity of Vernonia amygdalina del (Bitter Leaf) Leaf Extracts Collected in Harmattan on L-NAME Induced Hypertensive Male Rats.
This study investigated the antioxidant and anti-lipidemia activity of methanolic extract of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) leafs in L-Nitro-Nomega Arginine Methyl Ester (L-NAME) induced-hypertensive rats and compared with a standard hypertensive drug (Amlodipine). The rats were firstly induced with 40mg/kg body weight of L-NAME for 2weeks before being co-administered with 5mg/kg amlodipine as well as 100mg/kg, 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg body weight of extract respectively for another 3weeks. Both administration and induction were done orally, once daily across different groups. The effects of the VA were then assessed on oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) activities as well as reduced Glutathione (GSH) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations and lipid profile (High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), Triglyceride (TG) and Total cholesterol (TC)) in the serum of the rats. The extract was non toxic, having a LD-50 greater than 10,000mg/kg body weight and L-NAME significantly (*P<0.05) increase the level of blood pressure in the induced groups causing hypertension compared to the control. Also L-NAME significantly (*P<0.05) increased the levels of MDA, LDL, TG, and TC while significantly (*P<0.05) reducing the activities of SOD and CAT and the concentrations of GSH and HDL. Treatment with the extract significantly (*P<0.05) reduced the levels of MDA, LDL, TG, and TC while increasing the activities of SOD and CAT and concentrations of HDL in the hypertensive rats. This result suggest that the extract have potent antioxidant and anti-lipidemia effect on hypertensive rats and therefore may possess antihypertensive activity.
Antioxidant, Anti-lipidemia, Vernonia amygdalina,
Copyright (c) 2025 Mr. Laoye Uthman Abiola, Mrs. Laoye Nafisat Omosalewa, Mr. Emmanuel Sunday, Prof. Olorunnisola Sinbad Olubukola, Prof. Akintola Adebola Olayemi, Mrs Adesokan Monsurat Omotayo, Mrs Moronkunbi Latifat Abisola, Mrs Olayiwola Rebeca Funke, Mrs Oyewola Janet Oluwaranti, Mr Kehinde David Busuyi, Mr Jacob Princewill Chijindu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Use of N-Smsin (Nurse -Short Message Service Information) Telenursing Application Technology on Compliance With Treatment and Care of Tuberculosis Patients in Preventing Transmission and the Occurrence of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis is a chronic, infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis and remains a global health problem, including in Indonesia. Worldwide, TB is one of the 10 leading causes of death. Poor adherence to treatment is a major obstacle to efficient TB control. Innovative strategies are needed to improve access and adherence to treatment, one of which is the use of the Telenursing N-SMSIn (Nurse-Short Message Service Information) application. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the Telenursing N-SMSIn (Nurse-Short Message Service Information) application on adherence to treatment and care for tuberculosis patients, preventing transmission and the occurrence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. The research method used a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest with a control group design. The sampling technique used accidental sampling, with a sample of 168 respondents with pulmonary TB in the Woha Community Health Center working area in 2025. The research instrument used the 8-item Morisky Medication Scale. The analysis used the Wilcoxon test and obtained a p-value of 0.001 < 0.05. Therefore, it can be concluded that the implementation of the N-SMSIn telenursing application technology significantly impacts adherence to treatment and care in tuberculosis patients, preventing transmission and the occurrence of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in the Woha Community Health Center Work Area, Bima Regency.
Copyright (c) 2025 Indra Rahmad, Muhtar Muhtar, Maruni Wiwin Diarti, Julhana, Ahmad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Role of Locus of Control in Mediating the Influence of Financial Literacy, Financial Attitudes, and Lifestyle on the Personal Financial Management Behavior of Generation Z in Banda Aceh City
This study seeks to examine how Locus of Control (LoC) acts as a mediator in the impact of financial literacy, financial attitudes, and lifestyle on personal financial management behavior among Generation Z in Banda Aceh City. Generation Z, a demographic group that significantly influences social and economic development, often struggles with managing personal finances, especially due to uncontrolled spending habits. Using a quantitative method and PLS, this research investigates the relationships between financial literacy, financial attitudes, lifestyle, and LoC within the context of personal financial management. The findings are expected to shed light on the mediating role of LoC in the connection between financial literacy, financial attitudes, lifestyle, and financial management behavior. Additionally, the study aims to emphasize the importance of financial literacy education for Generation Z and show how enhancing attitudes and adopting a responsible lifestyle can improve personal financial management in the future. Based on the results, it is advised that government bodies and educational institutions prioritize developing financial literacy programs that incorporate the fostering of positive character traits and habits related to personal financial management for Generation Z.
Locus of Control, Financial Literacy, Financial Attitudes, Lifestyle, Management Behavior, Personal Finance
Copyright (c) 2025 Husnun Nisak, Said Musnadi, A. Sakir https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Impact of Inclusive Leadership and Job Satisfaction on Employee Performance: The Mediating Role of Affective Commitment at Perum Bulog Aceh Regional Office
The purpose of this study is to determine the extent to which inclusive leadership and job satisfaction influence employee performance, with affective commitment serving as a mediating factor, among employees of Perum Bulog Kanwil Aceh. This research employs a quantitative methodology. The sample consists of all 141 employees of Perum Bulog Kanwil Aceh. Data analysis was conducted using the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) technique. The results indicate that inclusive leadership has a positive and significant effect on affective commitment at the Bulog Regional Office of Aceh. Conversely, job satisfaction does not have a significant impact on employees' affective commitment at the same office. Inclusive leadership does not significantly influence employee performance at the Bulog Regional Office of Aceh. However, job satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on employee performance. Affective commitment also positively and significantly affects employee performance. Furthermore, inclusive leadership significantly influences employee performance through the mediating role of affective commitment. Similarly, job satisfaction significantly affects employee performance via affective commitment mediation at the Bulog Regional Office of Aceh
Inclusive Leadership , Job Satisfaction , Employee Performance and Affective Commitment
Copyright (c) 2025 Erlita Nova Feryna, Said Musnadi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0