What violations of international human rights law did Russia commit during its annexation of the Crimea and what remedies are available for the victims?
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Today the world is still in shock, after the unprecedented decision of President Putin to annex the Crimea territory. Was it Russia’s attempt to awaken its neo-imperialism or a simple case of assertion of national sovereignty? The question posed to the people was now weather a new road to the European Union and the West, or a pursuit of the historic ties with Russia was the right answer? Furthermore, this paper examines the arguments put forward by the alienated Russian doctrine of International Law. I argue, that Russia’s annexation of Crimea was a violation on a range of complex and intricate principles of International Law which serves to guarantee Ukraine’s territorial integrity and security. In the course of this paper it will become apparent that the arguments made by Russia are indefensible, and are in stark contrast to previous Russian doctrinal approaches in terms of self-determination and territorial integrity. This paper will attempt to provide reason- able evidence to support its claim that Russia had no right to interfere within Ukraine’s territorial integrity nor to facilitate actions against it.
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Academic Articles and Books
J Mankoff, ‘Russia’s Latest Land Grab’ (2014) 5 Foreign Affairs 512.
Case List
Austin v United Kingdom [2012] ECHR 459.
Ireland v United Kingdom [1978] ECHR 1.
Islamic Community of Bosnia v Bosnia and Herzegovina [1995] ECHR 67.
Makaratzis v Greece [2004] EHRR 56.
McCann v United Kingdom [1995] ECHR 97.
Moisejevs v Latvia [2006] ECHR 22.
Putintseva v Russia [2012] ECHR 212.
Savchenko v Russia [2015] ECHR 296.
Shishkin v Russia [2011] ECHR 4.
Steel v United Kingdom (1998) 28 EHRR 603.
Tyrer v United Kingdom [1978] ECHR 72.
Ukraine v Russia (II) [2015] ECHR 13.
Ukraine v Russia (III) [2015] ECHR 14.
Ukraine v Russia (IV) [2015] ECHR 15.
Human Rights Reports
https://www.hrw.org/news/2014/11/17/crimea-human-rights-decline (21st February 2016).
https://www.amnesty.org/en/countries/europe-and-central-asia/ukraine/report-ukraine/ (21st February 2016).
http://www.ohchr.org/Documents/Countries/UA/10thOHCHRreportUkraine.pdf. (30th April 2016).
http://www.coe.int/en/web/moscow/-/council-of-europe-human-rights-mission-returns-from-crimea?inheritRedirect=true (21st February 2016).
https://www.chathamhouse.org/event/political-landscape-russia-one-year-after-crimea (21st February 2016).
Websites
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-31796226 (28th February 2016).
https://newcoldwar.org/ (21st February 2016).
http://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/CP_Russia_ENG.pdf. (29th April 2016).
http://www.coe.int/t/dghl/monitoring/execution/default_en.asp (28th February 2016).
http://www.euractiv.com/section/europe-s-east/news/russia-overrules-the-european-court-of-human-rights/ (28th February 2016).
http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CCPR.aspx (28th February 2016).
Human Rights Instruments
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination.
European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms:
http://www.hri.org/docs/ECHR50.html#C.Art2 (28th February 2016),
http://www.hri.org/docs/ECHR50.html#C.Art3 (28th February 2016),
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights:
http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CCPR.aspx (28th February 2016),
https://treaties.un.org/Pages/ViewDetails.aspx?src=IND&mtdsg_no=IV-4&chapter=4&lang=en (28th February 2016),
Rules of the European Court of Human Rights:
http://www.echr.coe.int/Pages/home.aspx?p=applicants (28th February 2016).
Rules of the President of the European Court of Human Rights: http://www.echr.coe.int/Documents/PD_satisfaction_claims_ENG.pdf (30th April 2016).
Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948: http://www.un.org/en/universal-declaration-human-rights/index.html (29th February 2016),
https://treaties.un.org/pages/viewdetails.aspx?chapter=4&src=treaty&mtdsg_no=iv-4&lang=en (29th April 2016)
United Nations Convention Against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment: http://www.ohchr.org/EN/ProfessionalInterest/Pages/CAT.aspx (28th February 2016), http://indicators.ohchr.org/ (28th February 2016),
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties 1969:
http://www.oas.org/legal/english/docs/Vienna%20Convention%20Treaties.htm (30th April 2016).
Copyright (c) 2022 Karolina Harasimowicz LL.M
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