Folate supplementation in pregnancy
Downloads
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of low, normal and high folate levels in Omani population. Folate supplement given routinely during pregnancy. Folate added into multi-vitamins supplement as well as into food products. This leads to decrease the prevalence of low folate or increase prevalence of people with excess folate. Low and high folate level leads to adverse side effects.
Methods: 3706 folate samples analyzed in Cobas e 601 chemical analyzer. The results separated into three main groups (low, normal and high).
Results: Only 0.3% of the study sample shows low folate level. Five (0.2%) out of 2335 female samples show low folate level. Three (0.2%) out of 1371 male samples shows low folate level.
Conclusion: Routine folate intake during pregnancy, supplement to the general population for wellbeing and food fortification might lead to excess folate status. Folate testing before supplementation help in avoiding high folate adverse effects.
Downloads
Herschel K. Mitchell, Esmond E. Snell, and Roger J. Williams. Journal of the American Chemical Society 1941 63 (8), 2284-2284
Hall, J., & Solehdin, F. (1998). Folic acid for the prevention of congenital anomalies. European journal of pediatrics, 157(6), 445-450.
Said, H. M., Ortiz, A., Subramanian, V. S., Neufeld, E. J., Moyer, M. P., & Dudeja, P. K. (2001). Mechanism of thiamine uptake by human colonocytes: studies with cultured colonic epithelial cell line NCM460. American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology, 281(1), G144-G150.
McNulty, H., & Pentieva, K. (2004). Folate bioavailability. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 63(4), 529-536.
Melse-Boonstra, A., West, C. E., Katan, M. B., Kok, F. J., & Verhoef, P. (2004). Bioavailability of heptaglutamyl relative to monoglutamyl folic acid in healthy adults. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 79(3), 424-429.
Padmanabhan, R. (2006). Etiology, pathogenesis and prevention of neural tube defects. Congenital anomalies, 46(2), 55-67.
Shaw, G. M., Lu, W., Zhu, H., Yang, W., Briggs, F. B., Carmichael, S. L., ... & Finnell, R. H. (2009). 118 SNPs of folate-related genes and risks of spina bifida and conotruncal heart defects. BMC Medical Genetics, 10(1), 49.
Beaudin, A. E., & Stover, P. J. (2007). Folate‐mediated one‐carbon metabolism and neural tube defects: Balancing genome synthesis and gene expression. Birth Defects Research Part C: Embryo Today: Reviews, 81(3), 183-203.
Ray, J. G., & Laskin, C. A. (1999). Folic acid and homocyst (e) ine metabolic defects and the risk of placental abruption, pre-eclampsia and spontaneous pregnancy loss: a systematic review. Placenta, 20(7), 519-529.
Steegers-Theunissen, R. P., Obermann-Borst, S. A., Kremer, D., Lindemans, J., Siebel, C., Steegers, E. A., ... & Heijmans, B. T. (2009). Periconceptional maternal folic acid use of 400 µg per day is related to increased methylation of the IGF2 gene in the very young child. PloS one, 4(11), e7845.
Nelen, W. L., Blom, H. J., Steegers, E. A., den Heijer, M., & Eskes, T. K. (2000). Hyperhomocysteinemia and recurrent early pregnancy loss: a meta-analysis. Fertility and sterility, 74(6), 1196-1199.
Lucock, M. (2004). Is folic acid the ultimate functional food component for disease prevention?. Bmj, 328(7433), 211-214.
Sweeney, M. R., McPartlin, J., & Scott, J. (2007). Folic acid fortification and public health: report on threshold doses above which unmetabolised folic acid appear in serum. BMC public health, 7(1), 41.
Kelly, P., McPartlin, J., Goggins, M., Weir, D. G., & Scott, J. M. (1997). Unmetabolized folic acid in serum: acute studies in subjects consuming fortified food and supplements. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 65(6), 1790-1795.
Powers, H. J. (2007). Folic acid under scrutiny. British Journal of Nutrition, 98(4), 665-666.
Pfeiffer, C. M., Sternberg, M. R., Fazili, Z., Yetley, E. A., Lacher, D. A., Bailey, R. L., & Johnson, C. L. (2015). Unmetabolized folic acid is detected in nearly all serum samples from US children, adolescents, and adults. The Journal of nutrition, 145(3), 520-531.
Pfeiffer, C. M., Hughes, J. P., Lacher, D. A., Bailey, R. L., Berry, R. J., Zhang, M., ... & Johnson, C. L. (2012). Estimation of trends in serum and RBC folate in the US population from pre-to postfortification using assay-adjusted data from the NHANES 1988–2010. The Journal of nutrition, 142(5), 886-893.
Deshmukh, U., Katre, P., & Yajnik, C. S. (2013). Influence of maternal vitamin B12 and folate on growth and insulin resistance in the offspring. In Maternal and Child Nutrition: The First 1,000 Days (Vol. 74, pp. 145-156). Karger Publishers.
Girotto, F., Scott, L., Avchalumov, Y., Harris, J., Iannattone, S., Drummond-Main, C., ... & Teskey, G. C. (2013). High dose folic acid supplementation of rats alters synaptic transmission and seizure susceptibility in offspring. Scientific reports, 3(1), 1-7.
Christensen, K. E., Mikael, L. G., Leung, K. Y., Lévesque, N., Deng, L., Wu, Q., ... & Rozen, R. (2015). High folic acid consumption leads to pseudo-MTHFR deficiency, altered lipid metabolism, and liver injury in mice. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 101(3), 646-658.
Krishnaveni, G. V., Veena, S. R., Karat, S. C., Yajnik, C. S., & Fall, C. H. (2014). Association between maternal folate concentrations during pregnancy and insulin resistance in Indian children. Diabetologia, 57(1), 110-121.
Keating, E., Correia-Branco, A., Araújo, J. R., Meireles, M., Fernandes, R., Guardao, L., ... & Martel, F. (2015). AUTHOR COPY ONLY. Journal of Endocrinology, 224, 245-259.
Xita, N., & Tsatsoulis, A. (2012). Adiponectin in diabetes mellitus. Current medicinal chemistry, 19(32), 5451-5458.
Popkin, B. M., & Doak, C. M. (1998). The obesity epidemic is a worldwide phenomenon. Nutrition reviews, 56(4), 106-114.
Philip, D., Buch, A., Moorthy, D., Scott, T. M., Parnell, L. D., Lai, C. Q., ... & Troen, A. M. (2015). Dihydrofolate reductase 19-bp deletion polymorphism modifies the association of folate status with memory in a cross-sectional multi-ethnic study of adults. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 102(5), 1279-1288.
Steinweg, D. L., & Bentley, M. L. (2005). Seizures following reduction in phenytoin level after orally administered folic acid. Neurology, 64(11), 1982-1982.
Ashokkumar, B., Mohammed, Z. M., Vaziri, N. D., & Said, H. M. (2007). Effect of folate oversupplementation on folate uptake by human intestinal and renal epithelial cells. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 86(1), 159-166.
Pregnancy & Childbirth Management Guidelines Level 1 guideline. Department of Family & Community Health – Directorate General of Health Affairs – Ministry of Health. 2010
Copyright (c) 2021 International Journal of Scientific Research and Management
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
