Abstract
This article has given an overview of the outcomes of learning English with or without materials. It has proved through the findings that the material-bound learners have a greater advantage than the material-free ones. The material-bound outcomes or performance far outweigh the material-free ones, which is why the material qualifies to have a positive effect and influence on the process of English language learning. Â Â
References
- Buhendwa, M. F. (2010). Multilingualism in DRC: English Rising in a Predominant Francophone Environment. Revue des Langues vivantes et Communication, Vol 6. N°1, UNIKIN.
- Crystal, D. (2003). English as a Global Language (second Ed.). Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
- Gibbs, G. R., et al. (2002). The Use of New Technology in Qualitative Research. Introduction to Issue 3(2) of FQS. Vol.3, No 2, Art. 8, Forum: Qualitative Social Research.
- Kasoro, T. R. (2002). Position de l’anglais en République Démocratique du Congo. L’Observatoire des langues, Vol. 1. N°001, p. 34-48. Ministère de la Culture et des Arts.
- Malekani, K. A. (2002). Utilisation des langues en République Démocratique du Congo : Cas des étudiants de Kisangani et de Kinshasa. L’Observatoire des langues, Vol. 1. N°001, p. 55-63. Ministère de la Culture et des Arts.
- Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et Universitaire, Instruction Académique N°017/MINESU/CABMIN/TMF/SMM/2015 du 30 septembre 2015.
- Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et Universitaire, Note Circulaire N°002/MINESU/CABMIN/SMM/BLB/2017.
- Muijs, D. (2004). Doing Quantitative Research in Education with SPSS. Sage Publications: London. Thousand Oaks. New Delhi.
- Rose, S., et al. (2015). Using Excel for Quantitative Data Analysis Final. Management Research: Applying Principles – edited pdf.
- Seidlhofer, B. (2004). Research Perspectives on Teaching English as a Lingua Franca. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 24: 209-239.
- Tailor-Powell, E. and Renner, M. (2003). Analyzing Qualitative Data. Program Development and Evaluation, Madison, Wisconsin, University of Wisconsin-Extension.
- Tashakkori, A., and Teddlie, C. (1998). Mixed Methodology: Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches. Applied Social Research Methods Series (Vol. 46). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
- Thirumalai, M. S. (2009). English as Lingua Franca and Key Factors ESL / EFL Education. Shodhganga. Inflibnet.