The Ups and Downs of Nahdlatul Ulama Relations with the Government of the Dutch East Indies 1926-1942
Downloads
Nahdlatul Ulama as the largest community organization in Indonesia and has been established for a long time has experienced various ups and downs in each of its journeys. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the Ups and Downs of Nahdlatul Ulama's Relationship with the Dutch East Indies Government 1926-1942. This research is a literature study, where the sources of penetilitin come from old texts in the regions and Jakarta, sources in the regions rely more on the private collections of some kyai over the literature related to this research. Tracing sources located in Jakarta include the National Archives, the National Library, and LAKPESDAM NU. The stage of this research is the collection of information from all sources, criticisms and interpretations. The process of collecting information from the whole source (heuristics), selection of materials, criticism and subsequent interpretation is needed to carry out historical synthesis. Historical synthesis is the embodiment of the ability to think logically and the ability of a historian's historical imagination so that the characteristics of a certain model of historical work are visible. The results of this study show that there was a ups and downs in the relationship between Nahdlatul Ulama and the Dutch East Indies government, when the Dutch East Indies government implemented a Neutral Religion policy among traditionalist Islamists, there was not too much friction with the Dutch East Indies government because the government guaranteed that there was no interference in Islamic religious affairs, even the government formed a Raad Agama (Religious Court) and was led by a religious and expert ruler. Islam. Protests, non-cooperative resistance with the Dutch East Indies government began to be carried out by Nahdlatul Ulama when the practice of religiously neutral politics was violated by the government by making various ordinances that harmed Muslims. However, several times Nahdlatul Ulama still praised the muji of the Dutch East Indies government because several HBNO requests were granted by the government, such as the non-enactment of the rules for brides-to-be to be examined in Raad Agama, and the non-imposition of duties on the slaughter of sacrificial animals. However, at the end of the Dutch East Indies government, Nahdlatul Ulama really felt pro-Japanese
Downloads
Aboebakar, (ed.), Sedjarah Hidup K.H.A. Wahid Hasjim dan Karangan Tersiar, Panitya Buku Peringatan Alm. K.H. Hasjim, Jakarta, 1957.
Abdul Hamid Hakim, Mabadi Awaliyah, Sa’adiyah Putra, Jakarta, 1928.
Abdullah Husain, Sulam Taufik, Putra Awaliyah, Semarang, tt.
Abdul. Choliq. 2011. “Nasionalisme ‘Dalam Perspektif Islam.’” Jurnal Sejarah: Citra Lekha 16 (2).
Ahmad, Saehudin. 2022. “Dinamika Awal Aktivitas Nahdhlatul Ulama Dalam Catatan Pers Masa Kolonial 1925 – 1942.” The International Journal of PEGON: Islam Nusantara Civilization 7 (1).
Aulia, Ridwan. 2016. “Colonial Politics of Power and Cultural Identity Development of Islamic Education Vis-À-Vis European Education in The Netherlands East Indies Periods.”
A. Hasymy, Sejarah Masuk dan Berkembangnya Islam di Indonesia, P.T. Al- Ma’arif, Bandung, 1989.
Al-Mawardi, al-Ahkam as-Sulthaniyyah fi al-Wilaayyah ad-Diniyyah, Daar el- Kitab al-Araby, Beirut, tt.
Achmad, Nur, dan Pramono U. Tanthowi. Muhammadiyah “Digugat”: Reposisi di Tengah Indonesia Yang Berubah, (Jakarta: Kompas, 2000). Jakarta: Kompas, 2000.
Achdiat K. Mihardja. Polemik Kebudayaan. Jakarta: BP, 2008.
Ali Haidar, Nahdlatul Ulama dan Islam di Ineonesia : Pendekatan Fikih dalam Poltik, Gramedia, Jakarta, 1994.
Algadri, Hamid. C. Snouck Hurgronje Politik Belanda terhadap Islam dan Keturunan Arab. Jakarta: SH, 1984.
A. Muchit Muzadi. NU dan Fiqh Kontekstual. LKPSM: Yogyakarta, 1995.
Anam, Choirul. Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Nahdhotul Ulama. Solo: Jatayu, 1985.
Ahmad Baso. Pesantren Studies 2a. Jakarta: Pustaka Afid, 2013.
Alwi Shihab. Membendung Arus Respon Gerakan Muhammadiyah terhadap Penetrasi Misi Kristen di Indonesia. Bandung: Mizan, 1998.
Bakar, H. Abu. Sejarah Hidup K.H A. Wahid Hasyim dan Karangan Tersiar. Jakarta: Panitia Penerbitan Buku Peringatan Alm. K.H. A. Wahid Hasyim, 1957.
Barton, Greg dan Fealy, Greg, (ed.), Tradisionalisme Radikal, Persinggungan Nahdlatul Ulama-Negara, edisi terjemah, LKiS, Yogyakarta, 1997.
Benda, Harry J., Bulan Sabit dan Matahari Terbit Islam Indonesia pada Masa Pendudukan Jepang, edisi terjemah, Pustaka Jaya, Jakarta, 1980.
Boland B.J., Pergumulan Islam di Indonesia 1945-1970, edisi terjemah, Grafiti Pers, Jakarta, 1985.
Bruinessen, Martin van. NU, Tradisi, Relasi-Relasi Kuasa Pencarian Wacana Baru. Yogyakarta: LKis, 2008.
Chaidar, Manaqib Mbah Maksum, Menara Kudus, Kudus, 1972.
Choirul Anam, Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Nahdlatul Ulama, Jatayu Sala, Solo, 1985.
Deliar Noer, Gerakan Moderen Islam di Indonesia 1900-1942, LP3ES, Jakarta, 1996.
.................., Partai Islam di Pentas Nasional, Grafiti Pers, Jakarta, 1987.
Djawa Sjinboen Sja, Almanak Asia Raya Tahoen ke II, Jakarta, 2604.
Effendi, Bahtiar. Islam Dan Negara : Tranformasi Gagagasan dan Praktik Politik Islam di Indonesia. Jakarta: Demokrasi Projct, 2011.
Farih, Amin. “Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) Dan Kontribusinya Dalam Memperjuangkan Kemerdekaan Dan Mempertahankan Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia (NKRI).” Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 24, no. 2 (November 2016).
Fatoni, Khoirul, dan Muhammad Zein. NU Pasca Khittah, Prospek Ukhwah dengan Muhammadiyah. Yogyakarta: MW Mandala, 1992.
Fealy, Greg, Ijtihad Politik Ulama, Sejarah NU 1952-1967, edisi terjemah, LKiS, Yogyakarta, 2003.
Feillard, Andree, NU vis-à-vis Negara, Pencarian Isi, Bentuk dan Makna, edisi terjemah, LKiS, Yogyakarta, 1999.
Gilbert J. Garraghan, A guide to Historical Method, Fordham University Press, New York, 1957.
Gottschalk, Louis, Mengerti Sejarah, edisi terjemah, UI Press, Jakarta, 1986.
Guncing, Nurlira. “Politik Nahdatul Ulama dan Orde Baru.” The POLITICS: Jurnal Magister Ilmu Politik Universitas Hasanuddin 1, no. 1 (Januari 2015).
Haidar, Ali. Nahdatul Ulama dan Islam di Indonesia: Pendekatan Fikih dalam Politik. Waru Sidoarjo: Al Maktabah, 2011.
Hefner, Robert. 2010. “Expressing Islam: Religious Life and Politics in Indonesia.” Journal of Islamic Studies 21
Hisyam, Muhammad. 2014. “Nahdlatul Ulama Dan Problematika Relasi Agama-Negara Di Awal Kemerdekaan RI.” Jurnal Lektur Keagamaan
Halim, Ilim Abdul. “Gerakan Sosial Keagamaan Nahdlatul Ulama Pada Masa Kebangkitan Nasional.” Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-agama dan Lintas Budaya 2, no. 1 (September 2017).
Hasjim Asj’ari, Qanun Asasi Nahdlatul Ulama, Menara Kudus, Kudus, 1969.
....................., Adabul al-Alim wa al-Muta’alim, edisi terjemah, Qirtas, Yogyakarta, 2003.
....................., Risalah Ahlusunnah wal Jamaah, edisi terjemah, LKPSM, Yogyakarta, 1999.
Heru Soekadri, Kiyai Haji Hasyim Asy’ari, Pusat Penelitian Sejarah dan Budaya Depdikbud, Jakarta, 1980.
Heru Soekadri, Soewarno, Umiati RA., Sejarah Revolusi Kemerdekaan (1945- 1949) Daerah Jawa Timur, Direktorat Sejarah Dan Nilai Tradisional Depdikbud, Jakarta, 1991.
Hirokoshi, Hiroko, Kyai dan Perubahan Sosial, edisi terjemah, P3M, Jakarta, 1987.
Ismail S. Ahmad, M. Yoenus Noor, Nadirin, (ed), K.H. Ali Maksum, Ajakan Suci, LTN NU DIY, Yogyakarta, 1995.
Imran Aba, Peringatan Khaul Bukan dari Ajaran Islam adalah Pendapat yang Sesat, Menara Kudus, Kudus, 1982.
Ietje Marlina, K.H.Z. Mustofa Dlama Perlawanan Santri Terhadap Jepang Tahun 1944, Studi di Pesantren Sukamanah, Singaparna Kabupaten Tasikmalaya, dalam Seminar Sejarah Nasional V Sub Tema Sejarah Perjuangan, Direktorat Sejarah Dan Nilai Tradisional Depdikbud, Jakarta, 1990.
Jordanova, Ludmilla, History in Practice, Oxford University Press, New York, 2000.
Kuntowijoyo, Metodologi Sejarah, Tiara Wacana, Yogyakarta, 1994. ................., Perubahan Sosial Dalam Masyarakat Agraris Madura 1850-1940,
Mata Bangsa, Yogyakarta, 2002.
Lathiful Khuluq, Fajar Kebangunan Ulama Biografi K.H. Hasyim Asy’ari, LKiS, Yogyakarta, 2000.
LTN NU JATIM, Ahkam al-Fuqaha fi Muqararati Mu’tamiraati Nahdlatul Ulama, edisi terjemah, Diantama, Surabaya, 2005.
Machmoed Effendhie, NU di Rembang : Menelusuri Perkembangan NU Setelah Kembali Menjadi Organisasi Sosial Keagamaan 1973-1984, Skripsi Fakultas Sastra Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, 1986.
Mahrus Irsyam, Ulama dan Partai Politik : Upaya Mengatasi Krisis, Yayasan Perkhidmatan, Jakarta, 1984.
Maksoem Machfoedz, Kebangkitan Ulama dan Bangkitnya Ulama, Yayasan Kesatuan Ummat, Surabaya, 1982.
M Ibnu Rubianto, Mengenang Mbah Ridlwan Abdullah 1888-1962, Pencipta Lambang NU, Metro Organizer, Malang, 2002.
Mohammad Asad Syihab, Al-Allamah Muhammad Hasyim Asy’arie Labinati Istiqlali Indonesia, Darushadiq, Beirut, 1971.
Mohammad Nawawi, Maraqtu Su’udi Tashdiq, Putra Awaliyah, Semarang, tt. Pengurus Wilayah Ma’arif NU DIY, Ke-NU-an I, II, III, Sumbangsih Offset,
Yogyakarta, 1981.
Saifudin Zuhri, Sejarah Kebangkitan Islam dan Perkembangannya di Indonesia, P.T. Al-Ma’arif, Bandung, 1981.
.........................., Guruku Orang-Orang Dari Pesantren, LKiS, Yogyakarta, 2001. Sartono
Kartodirdjo, Pendekatan Ilmu Sosial dalam Metodologi Sejarah, Gramedia Pustaka Utama, Jakarta, 1992
Kartodirjo, Sartono, Marwati Djoened Poesponegoro, dan Nuggroho Notosusanto. Sejarah Nasional. Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 1977.
Khuluq, Lathiful. Fajar Kebangunan Ulama Biografi K.H Hasyim Asy’ari. Yogyakarta: LKis, 2000.
K. Mawardi. Mazhab Sosial Keagamaan NU. Yogyakarta: Grafindo Litera Media, 2006.
K. Mawardi. Lokalitas Seni Islam dalam Akomodasi Pesantren. Purwokerto: STAIN Press, 2017.
Nadzrah, Ahmad. 2019. “Indonesian Islam during the Reign of Colonialism (1600-1942): An Historical Account of Challenges and Responses towards the Dutch Policies.” Journal of Islam in Asia
Noer, Delian. Gerakan Modern Islam Indonesia 1900-1942. Jakarta: LP3S, 2000.
Razikin Damam. Membidik NU, Dilema Politik NU Pasca Khittah. Yogyakarta: Gama Media, 2001.
Riclefs, M.C. Sejarah Indonesia Modern 1200-2008. Jakarta: Serambi Ilmu Semesta, 2008.
Ridwan, Nur Khalik. NU dan Neoliberalisme: Tantangan dan Harapan Menjelang Satu Abad. Yogyakarta: LKis Yogyakarta, 2008.
Suryanegara, Ahmad Mansyur. Api Sejarah 2. Bandung: Salamadani Pustaka Semesta, 2010.
Slamet Effendy Yusuf, M. Ichwan Sjam, Masdar Farid Mas’udi, Dinamika Kaum Santri, CV. Rajawali, Jakarta, 1983.
Syamsudin Muhammad Qasim Al-Ghazi, Fathul Qarib Mujib, Bintang Terang, Surabaya, tt.
Syamsul A.H., (ed), Kharisma Kiai As’ad di Mata Umat, LKiS, Yogyakarta, 2003.
Taufik Abdullah, Sharon Siddique, (ed), Tradisi dan Kebangkitan Islam di Asia Tenggara, LP3ES, Jakarta, 1989.
Yatim, Badri. Sejarah Peradaban Islam, Dirasah Islamiyah II. 1 ed. Jakarta: PT Raja Grafindo Persada, 2006.
Van Bruinessen, Martin, NU, Tradisi, Relasi-relasi Kuasa, Pencarian Wacana Baru, edisi terjemah, LKiS, Yogyakarta, 199.
......................................., Kitab, Pesantren Studi tentang Pandangan Hidup Kyai, LP3ES, Jakarta, 1995.
Zamakhsari Dhofier, Tradisi Pesantren Studi tentang Pandangan Hidup Kyai, LP3ES, Jakarta, 1994.
Copyright (c) 2023 Kholid Mawardi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
