Javanese and Batak Tribes: The Role of Moderation in Parenting Style on Self-Control in Adolscents
Downloads
This research aims to determine the influence of parenting styles on self-control which is moderated by ethnicity in adolescents. The research design used is a correlational quantitative design. Sampling technique using method convenience sampling. The research used 2 scales, namely the Parental Style Inventory II (PSI-II) to measure parenting style and the Brief Self Control Scale to measure self-control. The data analysis technique in this research is using moderated regression analysis and simple regression tests. The research results show that ethnicity does not moderate the influence of parenting style on self-control (P Int_1 = 0.5323 > 0.05). Besides that, independent testing obtained significant results (parenting style influence self-control). However, when there is a covariate (another variable present), namely ethnicity and controlled simultaneously, it becomes insignificant (in the test using Hayes).
Downloads
1. E. H. Erikson, Identity: Youth and crisis. WW Norton & Company., 1994.
2. M. A. Coyne & J. P. Wright, “The stability of self-control across childhood,” Pers. Individ. Dif., vol. 69, pp. 144–149, 2014.
3. A.R. Afandi., & S. Hartati, “Pembelian impulsif pada remaja akhir ditinjau dari kontrol diri,” Gadjah Mada J. Psychol., vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 123–130, 2017.
4. N. R. A. Hidayah, “Kontrol diri dan konformitas terhadap kenakalan remaja,” Psikoborneo J. Ilm. Psikol., vol. 8, no. 4, p. 657, 2020.
5. A. P. Ardiyanto, “Kenakalan Remaja yang Masih Banyak Terjadi di Indonesia,” Kompasiana.com, 2023.
6. W. Arifati., & M. P. D. Ricky, “BKKBN: 60 Persen Remaja Usia 16-17 Tahun di Indonesia Lakoni Seks Pranikah,” solopos.com, 2023.
7. D. N. Komsi et al., “Kontribusi pola asuh orang tua demokratis, kontrol diri, konsep diri terhadap motivasi belajar siswa,” Psychol. Eval. Technol. Educ. Res., vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 55–61, 2018.
8. M. N. Ghufron., & S. R. Risnawita, Teori-Teori Psikologi. Yogyakarta: Ar-Ruzz Media, 2011.
9. F. Cullen et al., “Parenting and self-control. In E. Goode (Ed.), Out of control: Assessing the general theory of crime,” Stanford CA: Stanford University Press, 2008, pp. 61–74.
10. T. L. Hope et al., “The family in Gotffredson and Hirschi’s general theory of crime: Structure, parenting, and self-control,” Sociol. Focus, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 291–311, 2003.
11. J. P. Wright., & K. M. Beaver, “Do parents matter in creating self-control in their children? A genetically informed test of Gottfredson and Hirschi’s theory of low self-control,” Criminology, vol. 43, no. 4, pp. 1169–1198, 2005.
12. Y. Jo., & L. Bouffard, “Stability of self-control and gender,” J. Crim. Justice, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 356–365, 2014.
13. J. B. Li et al., “Parenting and self-control across early to late adolescence: A three-level meta-analysis,” Perspect. Psychol. Sci., vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 967–1005, 2019.
14. N. Darling., & L. Steinberg, “Parenting style as context: An integrative model,” Psychol. Bull., vol. 113, pp. 487–496, 1993.
15. T. G. O’Connor, “Annotation: The ‘effects’ of parenting reconsidered: Findings, challenges, and applications,” J. Child Psychol. Psychiatry, vol. 43, pp. 555–572, 2002.
16. J. Cassidy, “Emotion regulation: Influences of attachment relationships,” Monogr. Soc. Res. Child Dev., vol. 59, pp. 228–249, 1994.
17. J. Bowlby, Attachment and loss. Vol. 1: Attachment. New York: Basic Books, 1969.
18. M. R. Gottfredson., & T. Hirschi, A general theory of crime. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1990.
19. C. Hay, “Parenting, self-control, and delinquency: A test of self-control theory,” Criminology, vol. 39, pp. 707–736, 2001.
20. Y. Özdemir et al., “Parenting processes and aggression: The role of self-control among Turkish adolescents,” J. Adolesc., vol. 36, pp. 65–77, 2013.
21. A. T. Vazsonyi., & L. M. Belliston, “The family → low self-control → deviance: A cross-cultural and cross national test of self-control theory,” Crim. Justice Behav., vol. 34, pp. 5050–530, 2007.
22. S. Baardstu et al., “Childhood antecedents of Agreeableness: A longitudinal study from preschool to late adolescence,” J. Res. Pers., vol. 67, pp. 202–214, 2017.
23. J. M. Craig, “Which bond matters more? Assessing the differential strengths of parental bonding measures on adolescent delinquency over time,” Youth Violence Juv. Justice, vol. 14, pp. 225–242, 2016.
24. K. L. Moilanen et al., “Bidirectional associations between self-regulation and parenting styles in early adolescence,” J. Res. Adolesc., vol. 25, pp. 246–262, 2015.
25. S. Pallini et al., “The relation of attachment security status to effortful self-regulation: A meta-analysis,” Psychol. Bull., vol. 144, pp. 501–531, 2018.
26. T. Frijns et al., “Keeping secrets from parents: Longitudinal associations of secrecy in adolescence,” J. Youth Adolesc., vol. 34, pp. 137–148, 2005.
27. A. T Vazsonyi et al., “An empirical test of self-control theory in Roma adolescents,” J. Crim. Justice, vol. 44, pp. 66–76, 2016.
28. A. T. Vazsonyi et al., “Risky sexual behaviors, alcohol use, and drug use: A comparison of Eastern and Western European adoles cents,” J. Adolesc. Heal., vol. 39, 2006.
29. S. Jumaidi., & T. Indriawati, “Suku Bangsa Terbesar di Indonesia,” Kompas.com, 2023.
30. A. W. Finaka et al., “Sebaran Jumlah Suku di Indonesia,” Indonesiabaik.id, 2023.
31. A. P. Satrianingrum., & F. A. Setyawati, “Perbedaan pola pengasuhan orang tua pada anak usia dini ditinjau dari berbagai suku di indonesia: kajian literatur,” J. Ilm. Visi, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 25–34, 2021.
32. A. Diananda, “Pola asuh suku jawa: dahulu dan sekarang serta pengaruhnya terhadap pola pikir dan perilaku anak,” Annu. Conf. Islam. Early Child. Educ., vol. 5, pp. 137–150, 2021.
33. M. Idrus, “Pendidikan karakter pada keluarga jawa,” J. Pendidik. Karakter, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 118–130, 2012.
34. H. Nisa et al., “Perbedaan peran ibu dan ayah dalam pengasuhan anak pada keluarga Jawa,” J. Multidisiplin West Sci., vol. 1, no. 02, pp. 244–255, 2022.
35. R. Trismayangsari et al., “Gambaran nilai dan kebiasaan budaya Jawa dan Batak pada pengendalian diri: Analisis psikologi budaya,” Satwika Kaji. Ilmu Budaya dan Perubahan Sos., vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 113–125, 2023.
36. M. D. Rahayu., & S. Amanah, “Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan pola asuh anak pada keluarga etnis minang, jawa dan batak (factors associated with family parenting children in ethnic minang, javanese and batak),” J. Penyul., vol. 6, no. 2, 2010.
37. L. Sriyanti, “Pembentukan Self Control dalam Perspektif Nilai Multikultural,” MUDARRISA J. Kaji. Pendidik. Islam, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 68–89, 2012.
38. S. M. Nur et al., “Pendidikan katakter dalam perspektif kebudayaan (studi pada keluarga suku batak toba),” Bina Gogik J. Ilm. Pendidik. Guru Sekol. Dasar, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 61–74, 2019.
39. J. Tangney et al., “High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success,” J. Pers., vol. 72, pp. 271–324, 2004.
40. J. R. Acocella., & J. F. Calhoun, Psychology of adjustment human relationship. New York: McGrawHill, 1990.
41. D. T. De Ridder et al., “Not doing bad things is not equivalent to doing the right thing: Distinguishing between inhibitory and initiatory self-control,” Pers. Individ. Dif., vol. 50, no. 7, pp. 1006–1011, 2011.
42. H. H. Arifin., & M. N. Milla, “Adaptasi dan properti psikometrik skala kontrol diri ringkas versi Indonesia,” J. Psikol. Sos., vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 179–195, 2020.
43. D. Baumrind, “Patterns of parental authority and adolescent autonomy,” New Dir. Child Adolesc. Dev., vol. 108, pp. 61–69, 2005.
44. L. Steinberg et al., “Impact of parenting practices on adolescent achievement: Authoritative parenting, school involvement, and encouragement to succeed,” Child Dev., vol. 63, no. 5, pp. 1266–1281, 1992.
45. N. Darling., & T. Toyokawa, “Construction and validation of the parenting style inventory II (PSI-II),” Unpubl. Manuscr., vol. 89, 1997.
46. M. R. Gray., & L. Steinberg, “Unpacking authoritative parenting: reassessing a multidimensional construct,” J. Marriage Fam., vol. 61, no. 3, p. 574, 1999.
47. Koentjaraningrat, Manusia dan Kebudayaan di Indonesia. Jakarta: Djambatan, 2007.
48. M. Alfian, “Regulasi emosi pada mahasiswa suku Jawa, suku Banjar, dan suku Bima,” J. Ilm. Psikol. Terap., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 263–275, 2014.
49. G. G. Malau, Aneka Ragam Budaya Batak. Jakarta: Yayasan Bina Budaya. Nusantara Taotoba Nusa Budaya, 2000.
50. F. Farihah et al., “Pola asuh keluarga dalam upaya pembentukan kemandirian anak berdasarkan persepsi budaya di kota medan,” Elem. Sch. J. Pgsd Fip Unimed, vol. 9, no. 4, p. 318, 2019.
51. L. N. O. Anggraini., & D. R. Desiningrum, “Hubungan antara regulasi emosi dengan intensi agresivitas verbal instrumental pada suku batak di ikatan mahasiswa sumatera utara universitas diponegoro,” J. Empati, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 270–278, 2018.
52. R. R. Awalliya, “Studi tempramental pada mahasiswa suku jawa dan madura di kota malang,” J. Pract. Learn. Educ. Dev., vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 187–192, 2021.
53. E. Sujadi., & L. Setioningsih, “Perbedaan locus of control ditinjau dari etnis,” J. Bimbing. Dan Konseling Terap., vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 128–138, 2018.
54. A. L. Sroufe, Emotional development: The organization of emotional life in the early years. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press, 1996.
55. S. P. Putnam et al., “Mother–child coregulation during delay of gratification at 30 months,” Infancy, vol. 3, pp. 209–225, 2002.
56. P. S. Strand, “Coordination of maternal directives with preschoolers’ behavior: Influence of maternal coordination training on dyadic activity and child compliance,” J. Clin. Child Adolesc. Psychol., vol. 31, pp. 6–15, 2002.
57. W. S. Grolnick et al., “Emotional and self-regulation in infancy and toddlerhood,” Child Psychol., vol. 1, 1999.
58. D. Baumrind, “The influence of parenting styles on adolescent competence and substance use,” J. Early Adolesc., vol. 11, pp. 56–95, 1991.
59. G. Kochanska et al., “A longitudinal study of the roots of preschoolers’ conscience: Committed compliance and emerging internalization,” Child Dev., vol. 66, pp. 1752–1769, 1995.
60. I. W. Silverman., & D. M. Ragusa, “Child and maternal correlates of impulse control in 24-month-old children,” Genet. Soc. Gen. Psychol. Monogr., vol. 116, pp. 437–473, 1990.
61. G. H. Brody., & X. Ge, “Linking parenting processes and self-regulation to psychological functioning and alcohol use during early adolescence,” J. Fam. Psychol., vol. 15, pp. 82–94, 2001.
62. N. W. T. Cheung., & Y. W. Cheung, “Strain, self-control, and gender differences in delinquency among Chinese adolescents: Extending general strain theory,” Sociol. Perspect., vol. 53, pp. 321–345, 2010.
63. S. S. Feldman., & K. R. Wentzel, “Relations among family interaction patterns, classroom self-restraint, and academic achievement in preadolescent boys,” J. Educ. Psychol., vol. 82, pp. 813–819, 1990.
64. M. N. Hallquist et al., “Poor self-control and harsh punishment in childhood prospectively predict borderline personality symptoms in adolescent girls,” J. Abnorm. Psychol., vol. 124, pp. 549–564, 2015.
65. R. L. Simons et al., “Identifying the psychological factors that mediate the association between parenting practices and delinquency,” Criminology, vol. 45, pp. 481–517, 2007.
66. J. J. Jabagchourian et al., “Parenting styles and practices of Latino parents and Latino fifth graders’ academic, cognitive, social, and behavioral outcomes,” Hisp. J. Behav. Sci., vol. 36, pp. 175–194, 2014.
67. C. B. Kopp, “Antecedents of self-regulation: A developmental perspective,” Dev. Psychol., vol. 18, pp. 199–214, 1982.
68. M. Kerr., & H. Stattin, “What parents know, how they know it, and several forms of adolescent adjustment: Further support for a reinterpretation of monitoring,” Dev. Psychol., vol. 36, pp. 366–380, 2000.
69. R. D. Parke, “Development in the family,” Annu. Rev. Psychol., vol. 55, pp. 365–399, 2004.
70. L. L. Alvarez-Rivera., & K. A. Fox, “Institutional attachments and self- control: Understanding deviance among Hispanic adolescents,” J. Crim. Justice, vol. 38, pp. 666–674, 2010.
71. J. B. Li et al., “Parental attachment, self-control, and depressive symptoms in Chinese and Italian adolescents: Test of a mediation model,” J. Adolesc., vol. 43, pp. 159–170, 2015.
72. Y. G. Nie et al., “Self-control mediates the associations between parental attachment and prosocial behavior among Chinese adolescents,” Pers. Individ. Dif., vol. 96, pp. 36–39, 2016.
73. T. A. Wills et al., “Family communication and religiosity related to substance use and sexual behavior in early adolescence: A test for pathways through self-control and prototype perceptions,” Psychol. Addict. Behav., vol. 17, pp. 312–323, 2003.
74. S. You., & A. Y. Kim, “Understanding aggression through attachment and social emotional competence in Korean middle school students,” Sch. Psychol. Int., vol. 37, pp. 255–270, 2016.
75. S. Jones et al., “Substance use, personality, and inhibitors: Testing Hirschi’s predictions about the reconceptualization of self-control,” Crime Delinq., vol. 61, pp. 538–558, 2015.
76. G. D. Walters., & M. DeLisi, “Antisocial cognition and crime continuity: Cognitive mediation of the past crime future crime relationship,” J. Crim. Justice, vol. 41, pp. 135–140, 2013.
77. S. J. Watts., & T. L. McNulty, “Genes, parenting, selfcontrol, and criminal behavior,” Int. J. Offender Ther. Comp. Criminol., vol. 60, pp. 469–491, 2016.
78. D. A. Arista., & Y. Priyana, “Hubungan antara perilaku overprotective orang tua dan penyesuaian diri remaja: tinjauan faktor-faktor mediasi dan moderasi,” J. Psikol. dan Konseling West Sci., vol. 1, no. 03, pp. 145–152, 2023.
79. S. Lemeshow et al., Besar Sampel dalam Penelitian Kesehatan. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada University Press, 1997.
80. T. W. Edgar., & D. O. Manz, “Exploratory Study,” Res. Methods Cyber Secur., pp. 95–130, 2017.
81. S. Azwar, Penyusunan Skala Psikologi. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, 2017.
82. S. L. Olson et al., “Trajectories of child externalizing problems between ages 3 and 10 years: contributions of children’s early effortful control, theory of mind, and parenting experiences,” Dev Psychopathol, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 1333–1351, 2017.
83. J. W. Santrock, Life Span Development: Perkembangan Masa Hidup, 13th ed. Jakarta: Erlangga, 2012.
84. D. E. Papalia et al., Human Development, 10th ed. Jakarta: Salemba Humanika, 2013.
85. S. S. Feldman., & K. R. Wentzel, “The relationship between parenting styles, sons’ self-restraint, and peer relations in early adolescence,” J. Early Adolesc., vol. 10, pp. 439–454, 1990.
86. E. Simanjuntak., & M. S. G. Manurung, “Pergeseran Nilai Orang Tua Di Kalangan Etnis Suku Batak Toba,” J. Compr. Sci., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 150–157, 2022.
87. E. A. Devita., & Z. Fikry, “Kontribusi Pola Asuh Orangtua terhadap Kontrol Diri Remaja Perempuan,” J. Pendidik. Tambusai, vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 6151–6159, 2023.
88. D. Maryana., & V. Kristiyani, “Perbedaan Kontrol Diri Ditinjau dari Pola Asuh Orang Tua pada Remaja di Desa Babelan Kota,” Indones. J. Behav. Stud., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 08–22, 2023.
89. W. Zhang., & Z. Wang, “Parenting styles and adolescents’ problem behaviors: the mediating effect of adolescents’ self-control,” Psychol. Rep., vol. 126, no. 6, pp. 2979–2999, 2023.
Copyright (c) 2024 Dhiya Fauziyyah Sudirman, Herlin Asfarina Makruf, Isyatin Rodiyah, Muhammad Salis Yuniardi, Diah Karmiyati
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
