THE EFFECT OF CREATIVITY AND JOB STRESS ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE WITH CYBERLOAFING BEHAVIOUR AS MEDIATION AT BANDA ACEH TAX OFFICE

Masykur; Muhammad Adam; Mukhlis

doi:10.18535/ijsrm/v13i04.em04

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of creativity and job stress on employee performance at the Banda Aceh Tax Office, with cyberloafing behavior as a mediating variable. The study population consisted of 101 civil servants working at the Banda Aceh Tax Office. Data were gathered using questionnaires with Likert scale ratings, and the entire population served as the sample (census sampling). The research model was analyzed using SmartPLS. Descriptive analysis results indicate that creativity, job stress, cyberloafing, and employee performance were all rated favorably. The findings from the direct effect analysis indicate that creativity positively and significantly influences cyberloafing, job stress positively and significantly affects cyberloafing, and creativity positively and significantly impacts employee performance. Additionally, cyberloafing exerts a positive and significant influence on employee performance. Meanwhile, the results of the indirect path analysis reveal that cyberloafing serves as a partial mediator in the relationship between creativity and employee performance, demonstrating a positive and significant effect. Likewise, cyberloafing partially mediates the relationship between job stress and employee performance in a positive and significant manner.

Keywords

CreativityJob StressCyberloafingEmployee Performance

References

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[refR-2] Andel, S. A., Kessler, S. R., Pindek, S., Kleinman, G., & Spector, P. E. (2019). Is cyberloafing more complex than we originally thought? Cyberloafing as a coping response to workplace aggression exposure. Computers in Human Behavior, 101, 124–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.07.013DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-3] Askew, K., Buckner, J. E., Taing, M. U., Ilie, A., Bauer, J. A., & Coovert, M. D. (2014). Explaining cyberloafing: The role of the theory of planned behavior. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 510–519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.006DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-4] Blanchard, A. L., & Henle, C. A. (2008). Correlates of different forms of cyberloafing: The role of norms and external locus of control. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(3), 1067–1084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2007.03.008DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-5] Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2014). Book Review: The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. World Futures Review, 6(2), 189–193. https://doi.org/10.1177/1946756714541404DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-6] Coker, B. L. S. (2011). Freedom to surf: the positive effects of workplace Internet leisure browsing. New Technology, Work and Employment, 26(3), 238–247. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-005X.2011.00272.xDOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-7] de Bruin, G. P., & Taylor, N. (2005). Development of the Sources of Work Stress Inventory. South African Journal of Psychology, 35(4), 748–765. https://doi.org/10.1177/008124630503500408DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-8] Derin, N., & Gökçe, S. G. (2016). Are Cyberloafers Also Innovators?: A Study on the Relationship between Cyberloafing and Innovative Work Behavior. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 235, 694–700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.11.070DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-9] Du, Y., Zhang, L., & Chen, Y. (2016). From creative process engagement to performance: bidirectional support. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 37(7), 966–982. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-03-2015-0046DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-10] Hasibuan, M. S. P. (2003). Organisasi dan motivasi: dasar peningkatan produktivitas. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-11] Hennessey, B. A., & Amabile, T. M. (2010). Creativity. Annual Review of Psychology, 61(1), 569–598. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100416DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-12] Ismail, H. N., Iqbal, A., & Nasr, L. (2019). Employee engagement and job performance in Lebanon: the mediating role of creativity. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 68(3), 506–523. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-02-2018-0052DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-13] Kaltiainen, J., & Hakanen, J. (2020). Fostering task and adaptive performance through employee well-being: The role of servant leadership. Sage Journals, 25(1), 28–43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/2340944420981599DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-14] Koay, K. Y., Soh, P. C.-H., & Chew, K. W. (2017). Do employees’ private demands lead to cyberloafing? The mediating role of job stress. Management Research Review, 40(9), 1025–1038. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-11-2016-0252DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-15] Lazarus, R. ., & Folkman, S. (2013). STRESS, APPRAISAL, AND COPING (Vol. 6, Issue 1).Google Scholar ↗

[refR-16] LePine, J. A., Podsakoff, N. P., & LePine, M. A. (2005). A meta-analytic test of the challenge Stressor-hindrance stressor framework: An explanation for inconsistent relationships among Stressors and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 48(5), 764–775. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2005.18803921DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-17] Liberman, B., Seidman, G., McKenna, K. Y. A., & Buffardi, L. E. (2011). Employee job attitudes and organizational characteristics as predictors of cyberloafing. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(6), 2192–2199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.06.015DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-18] Lim, V. K. G. (2002). The IT way of loafing on the job: Cyberloafing, neutralizing and organizational justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(5), 675–694. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.161DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-19] Lim, V. K. G., & Teo, T. S. H. (2005). Prevalence, perceived seriousness, justification and regulation of cyberloafing in Singapore. Information & Management, 42(8), 1081–1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2004.12.002DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-20] Lim, V. K. G., Teo, T. S. H., & Loo, G. L. (2002). How do I loaf here? Let me count the ways. Communications of the ACM, 45(1), 66–70. https://doi.org/10.1145/502269.502300DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-21] Mangkunegara, A. P. (2016). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan. Remaja Rosdakarya.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-22] Nur Kamila, M., & Muafi, M. (2023). The influence of job stress and job boredom on employee performance mediated by cyberloafing behavior: Evidence in Indonesia. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 12(1), 99–109. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v12i1.2272DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-23] Ongel, E. (2014). Therelationship Between Employee Engagementand Organisational Performance: Implementations Of Organisations. The International Journal of Social Sciences, 25(1), 1–10.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-24] Öngel, V., Günsel, A., Çelik, G. G., Altındağ, E., & Tatlı, H. S. (2024). Digital Leadership’s Influence on Individual Creativity and Employee Performance: A View through the Generational Lens. Behavioral Sciences, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14010003DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-25] Pee, L. G., Woon, I. M. Y., & Kankanhalli, A. (2008). Explaining non-work-related computing in the workplace: A comparison of alternative models. Information & Management, 45(2), 120–130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2008.01.004DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-26] Richardson, K. M., & Rothstein, H. R. (2008). Effects of Occupational Stress Management Intervention Programs: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 13(1), 69–93. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.13.1.69DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-27] Robbins, S. P., Coulter, M. A., & Cenzo, D. A. De. (2019). Fundamentals of Management (11th ed.). Pearson.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-28] Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2017). Essential of Organisational Behaviour (14th ed.). Pearson.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-29] Sao, R., Chandak, S., Patel, B., & Bhadade, P. (2020). Cyberloafing: Effects on Employee Job Performance and Behavior. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 8(5), 1509–1515. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.E4832.018520DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-30] Sawyer, R. K., & Henriksen, D. (2023). Explaining Creativity (Vol. 16, Issue 1). Oxford University PressNew York. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197747537.001.0001DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-31] Searle, B. J., & Auton, J. C. (2015). The merits of measuring challenge and hindrance appraisals. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 28(2), 121–143. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2014.931378DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-32] Syukran, R., Adam, M., & Kesuma, T. M. (2023). The Influence of Self-Efficacy Creativity and Employee Engagement on Employee Performance and Its Implications on The Performance of PT Angkasa Pura II Branch Office at Sultan Iskandar Muda Airport in Aceh. International Journal of Scientific and Management Research, 06(03), 82–95. https://doi.org/10.37502/ijsmr.2023.6306DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-33] Wibowo. (2017). Manajemen Kinerja (kelima). Jakarta : Rajawali Pers.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-34] Zhang, X., & Bartol, K. M. (2010). Linking empowering leadership and employee creativity: the influence of psychological empowerment, intrinsic motivation, and creative process engagement. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 24(5). https://doi.org/10.1108/dlo.2010.08124ead.007DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-35] Zhu, J., Wei, H., Li, H., & Osburn, H. (2021). The paradoxical effect of responsible leadership on employee cyberloafing: A moderated mediation model. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 32(4), 597–624. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21432DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗