Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of creativity and job stress on employee performance at the Banda Aceh Tax Office, with cyberloafing behavior as a mediating variable. The study population consisted of 101 civil servants working at the Banda Aceh Tax Office. Data were gathered using questionnaires with Likert scale ratings, and the entire population served as the sample (census sampling). The research model was analyzed using SmartPLS. Descriptive analysis results indicate that creativity, job stress, cyberloafing, and employee performance were all rated favorably. The findings from the direct effect analysis indicate that creativity positively and significantly influences cyberloafing, job stress positively and significantly affects cyberloafing, and creativity positively and significantly impacts employee performance. Additionally, cyberloafing exerts a positive and significant influence on employee performance. Meanwhile, the results of the indirect path analysis reveal that cyberloafing serves as a partial mediator in the relationship between creativity and employee performance, demonstrating a positive and significant effect. Likewise, cyberloafing partially mediates the relationship between job stress and employee performance in a positive and significant manner.
Keywords
- Creativity
- Job Stress
- Cyberloafing
- Employee Performance
References
- Akar, I., & Karabulut Coskun, B. (2020). Exploring the relationship between creativity and cyberloafing of prospective teachers. Thinking Skills and Creativity, 38, 100724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2020.100724
- Andel, S. A., Kessler, S. R., Pindek, S., Kleinman, G., & Spector, P. E. (2019). Is cyberloafing more complex than we originally thought? Cyberloafing as a coping response to workplace aggression exposure. Computers in Human Behavior, 101, 124β130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.07.013
- Askew, K., Buckner, J. E., Taing, M. U., Ilie, A., Bauer, J. A., & Coovert, M. D. (2014). Explaining cyberloafing: The role of the theory of planned behavior. Computers in Human Behavior, 36, 510β519. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2014.04.006
- Blanchard, A. L., & Henle, C. A. (2008). Correlates of different forms of cyberloafing: The role of norms and external locus of control. Computers in Human Behavior, 24(3), 1067β1084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2007.03.008
- Brynjolfsson, E., & McAfee, A. (2014). Book Review: The Second Machine Age: Work, Progress, and Prosperity in a Time of Brilliant Technologies. World Futures Review, 6(2), 189β193. https://doi.org/10.1177/1946756714541404
- Coker, B. L. S. (2011). Freedom to surf: the positive effects of workplace Internet leisure browsing. New Technology, Work and Employment, 26(3), 238β247. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-005X.2011.00272.x
- de Bruin, G. P., & Taylor, N. (2005). Development of the Sources of Work Stress Inventory. South African Journal of Psychology, 35(4), 748β765. https://doi.org/10.1177/008124630503500408
- Derin, N., & GΓΆkΓ§e, S. G. (2016). Are Cyberloafers Also Innovators?: A Study on the Relationship between Cyberloafing and Innovative Work Behavior. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 235, 694β700. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2016.11.070
- Du, Y., Zhang, L., & Chen, Y. (2016). From creative process engagement to performance: bidirectional support. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 37(7), 966β982. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-03-2015-0046
- Hasibuan, M. S. P. (2003). Organisasi dan motivasi: dasar peningkatan produktivitas. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
- Hennessey, B. A., & Amabile, T. M. (2010). Creativity. Annual Review of Psychology, 61(1), 569β598. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.psych.093008.100416
- Ismail, H. N., Iqbal, A., & Nasr, L. (2019). Employee engagement and job performance in Lebanon: the mediating role of creativity. International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 68(3), 506β523. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-02-2018-0052
- Kaltiainen, J., & Hakanen, J. (2020). Fostering task and adaptive performance through employee well-being: The role of servant leadership. Sage Journals, 25(1), 28β43. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/2340944420981599
- Koay, K. Y., Soh, P. C.-H., & Chew, K. W. (2017). Do employeesβ private demands lead to cyberloafing? The mediating role of job stress. Management Research Review, 40(9), 1025β1038. https://doi.org/10.1108/MRR-11-2016-0252
- Lazarus, R. ., & Folkman, S. (2013). STRESS, APPRAISAL, AND COPING (Vol. 6, Issue 1).
- LePine, J. A., Podsakoff, N. P., & LePine, M. A. (2005). A meta-analytic test of the challenge Stressor-hindrance stressor framework: An explanation for inconsistent relationships among Stressors and performance. Academy of Management Journal, 48(5), 764β775. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2005.18803921
- Liberman, B., Seidman, G., McKenna, K. Y. A., & Buffardi, L. E. (2011). Employee job attitudes and organizational characteristics as predictors of cyberloafing. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(6), 2192β2199. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2011.06.015
- Lim, V. K. G. (2002). The IT way of loafing on the job: Cyberloafing, neutralizing and organizational justice. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 23(5), 675β694. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.161
- Lim, V. K. G., & Teo, T. S. H. (2005). Prevalence, perceived seriousness, justification and regulation of cyberloafing in Singapore. Information & Management, 42(8), 1081β1093. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2004.12.002
- Lim, V. K. G., Teo, T. S. H., & Loo, G. L. (2002). How do I loaf here? Let me count the ways. Communications of the ACM, 45(1), 66β70. https://doi.org/10.1145/502269.502300
- Mangkunegara, A. P. (2016). Manajemen Sumber Daya Manusia Perusahaan. Remaja Rosdakarya.
- Nur Kamila, M., & Muafi, M. (2023). The influence of job stress and job boredom on employee performance mediated by cyberloafing behavior: Evidence in Indonesia. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 12(1), 99β109. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v12i1.2272
- Ongel, E. (2014). Therelationship Between Employee Engagementand Organisational Performance: Implementations Of Organisations. The International Journal of Social Sciences, 25(1), 1β10.
- Γngel, V., GΓΌnsel, A., Γelik, G. G., AltΔ±ndaΔ, E., & TatlΔ±, H. S. (2024). Digital Leadershipβs Influence on Individual Creativity and Employee Performance: A View through the Generational Lens. Behavioral Sciences, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/bs14010003
- Pee, L. G., Woon, I. M. Y., & Kankanhalli, A. (2008). Explaining non-work-related computing in the workplace: A comparison of alternative models. Information & Management, 45(2), 120β130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.im.2008.01.004
- Richardson, K. M., & Rothstein, H. R. (2008). Effects of Occupational Stress Management Intervention Programs: A Meta-Analysis. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 13(1), 69β93. https://doi.org/10.1037/1076-8998.13.1.69
- Robbins, S. P., Coulter, M. A., & Cenzo, D. A. De. (2019). Fundamentals of Management (11th ed.). Pearson.
- Robbins, S. P., & Judge, T. A. (2017). Essential of Organisational Behaviour (14th ed.). Pearson.
- Sao, R., Chandak, S., Patel, B., & Bhadade, P. (2020). Cyberloafing: Effects on Employee Job Performance and Behavior. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 8(5), 1509β1515. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijrte.E4832.018520
- Sawyer, R. K., & Henriksen, D. (2023). Explaining Creativity (Vol. 16, Issue 1). Oxford University PressNew York. https://doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197747537.001.0001
- Searle, B. J., & Auton, J. C. (2015). The merits of measuring challenge and hindrance appraisals. Anxiety, Stress and Coping, 28(2), 121β143. https://doi.org/10.1080/10615806.2014.931378
- Syukran, R., Adam, M., & Kesuma, T. M. (2023). The Influence of Self-Efficacy Creativity and Employee Engagement on Employee Performance and Its Implications on The Performance of PT Angkasa Pura II Branch Office at Sultan Iskandar Muda Airport in Aceh. International Journal of Scientific and Management Research, 06(03), 82β95. https://doi.org/10.37502/ijsmr.2023.6306
- Wibowo. (2017). Manajemen Kinerja (kelima). Jakarta : Rajawali Pers.
- Zhang, X., & Bartol, K. M. (2010). Linking empowering leadership and employee creativity: the influence of psychological empowerment, intrinsic motivation, and creative process engagement. Development and Learning in Organizations: An International Journal, 24(5). https://doi.org/10.1108/dlo.2010.08124ead.007
- Zhu, J., Wei, H., Li, H., & Osburn, H. (2021). The paradoxical effect of responsible leadership on employee cyberloafing: A moderated mediation model. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 32(4), 597β624. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21432