Challenges In Grid Level Electrical Energy Storage

The energy availability has increased while the peak demand met has increased in the same period .Despite the increase in availability, world is facing an energy deficit and a peak deficit. It is expected that energy deficit and peak deficit will rise in near future To meet the requirement of the electricity market, combined with the international pressure to reduce CO2 emissions, lead to new architectures of the future electricity networks with a large penetration of Renewable Sources (RES) such as wind and solar power. Due to the unpredictable nature of wind and solar energy, the ability to store this energy when it is produced is essential for turning these resources into reliable sources of energy. Energy storage can provide various services such as (i) Improved cost and Technical adaptation (ii) Improved power quality and smooth load curve (iii) Maximize the production by shifting the energy Electrical energy is stored during times when production (from power plants) exceeds consumption and the stores are used at times when consumption exceeds production. In this way, electricity production need not be drastically scaled up and down to meet momentary consumption. Production is maintained at a more constant level. The current energy grid system is used predominantly for distributing energy and allows little flexibility for storage of excess or a rapid dispersal on short notice. One of the foremost challenges is not only the ability to store the energy when it is produced and disburse it when it is needed but also issues such as technical requirements, especially interconnection issues, tariff structures and more generally economical aspects and test procedures for selecting storage. This paper addresses the challenges in grid level electrical energy storage.