ISSN (Online): 2321-3418
server-injected
Education And Language
Open Access

Best Practices of Instructional Leadership among Principals of Primary and Secondary Schools in Male’, Maldives

DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v11i10.el04· Pages: 2938-2951· Vol. 11, No. 10, (2023)· Published: October 30, 2023
PDF
Views: 1,022 PDF downloads: 225

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the best practices of instructional leadership among principals of primary and secondary schools in Male’, Maldives, based on teachers’ perceptions. The Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale (PIMRS), developed by Hallinger and Murphy (1985) and modified by Hallinger and Wang (2015), served as the instrument for data collection through a questionnaire. A total of 392 teachers from schools in Male’, Maldives, were surveyed and data were analyzed using SPSS 26.0.  The result of the study shows that all three dimensions of instructional leadership—"defining the school mission" (mean 4.05), "managing the instructional program" (mean 3.94), and "developing a positive school learning climate" (mean 3.72)—have reached a high level in practice. The study shows that the three best practices of principals in instructional leadership are to effectively communicate the school's mission to members of the school community (dimension 'Defining the School's Mission', mean 4.12), to clarify who is responsible for coordinating the curriculum across grade levels (dimension 'Managing the Instructional Program', mean 4.29), and to encourage teachers to use class time to teach and practice new skills and concepts (dimension 'Developing a Positive School Climate', mean 4.10). It is hoped that this study will provide useful insights that will be effective in improving the instructional leadership skills of principals to improve the academic performance of students and create a world-class human capital that is comparably excellent.

Keywords

Principals‘ best practicesinstructional leadershipteachers‘ perceptions

References

  1. Ahmed, A. R. (2016). Instructional Leadership Practices of Selected Principals in Maldives: A Case Study. Asia e University.Google Scholar ↗
  2. Alig-Mielcarek, J. M. (2003). A Model of School Success: Instructional Leadership, Academic Press, and Student Achievement [The Ohio State University]. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1054144000Google Scholar ↗
  3. Bear, G. G., Yang, C., & Pasipanodya, E. (2015). Assessing School Climate: Validation of a Brief Measure of the Perceptions of Parents. Journal of Psychoeducational Assessment, 33(2), 115–129. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734282914545748DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  4. Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (Vice President and Editor-in-Chief: Paul A. Smith & Development Editor: Christina Robb (eds.); 4th ed.). Pearson.Google Scholar ↗
  5. Dupont, J. P. (2009). Teacher Perceptions of The Influence of Principal Instructional Leadership on School Culture: A Case Study of The American Embassy School in New Delhi, India. Unpublished Doctoral Thesis.Google Scholar ↗
  6. Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2019). Multivariate Data Analysis. In Hampshire, UK : Cengage Learning, EMEA: Vol. 8th Ed.Google Scholar ↗
  7. Hallinger, P. (2011). A review of three decades of doctoral studies using the principal instructional management rating scale: A lens on methodological progress in educational leadership. In Educational Administration Quarterly (Vol. 47, Issue 2). https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X10383412DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  8. Hallinger, P., & Murphy, J. (1985). Assessing the Instructional Management Behavior of Principals. The Elementary School Journal, 86(2), 217–247. https://doi.org/10.1086/461445DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  9. Hallinger, P., & Wang, W.-C. (2015). Assessing Instructional Leadership with the Principal Instructional Management Rating Scale. In Springer. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15533-3DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  10. Harris, S. L., & Lowery, S. (2002). A View from the Classroom. Educational Leadership, 59(8), 64–66.Google Scholar ↗
  11. Hassan, R., Ahmad, J., & Boon, Y. (2018). Instructional leadership in Malaysia. International Journal of Engineering and Technology (IJET), 7(3.30 Special Issue 30), 424–432. https://doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.30.18346DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  12. Krug, S. E. (1992). Instructional Leadership: A Constructivist Perspective. Educational Administration Quarterly, 28(3), 430–443. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X92028003012DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  13. Landell, K. (1997). Management by menu. Wiley & Sons Inc.Google Scholar ↗
  14. Maldives Ministry of Education. (2018). Public Finance Analysis of the Education Sector.Google Scholar ↗
  15. Ministry of Education. (2020). Maldives Education Response Plan.Google Scholar ↗
  16. Moffitt, J. R. (2007). What Works : Principal Leadership Behaviors that Positively Impact Student Achievement in Elementary Schools [Georgia Southern University]. https://digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu/etd/264Google Scholar ↗
  17. Robinson, V. M. J., Lloyd, C. A., & Rowe, K. J. (2008). The impact of leadership on student outcomes: An analysis of the differential effects of leadership types. Educational Administration Quarterly, 44(5), 635–674. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013161X08321509DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  18. Salleh, M. J. (2013). Best Practice of Framing and Communicating School Goals by Principals of Cluster Secondary Schools Malaysia. In International Journal of Arts and Commerce (Vol. 2, Issue 2). www.ijac.org.ukGoogle Scholar ↗
  19. Salleh, M. J. (2014). Best Practice of Framing and Communicating School Goals Among Principals of Cluster Secondary Schools Towards Realization of Malaysian Education Blueprint 2013-2025. The International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities Invention, 1(6), 458–466. https://www.academia.edu/40347148/Best_Practice_Of_Framing_And_Communicating_School_Goals_Among_Principals_Of_Cluster_Secondary_Schools_Towards_Realization_Of_Malaysian_Education_Blueprint_2013_2025Google Scholar ↗
  20. Salleh, M. J., Abu Bakar, S., Prof, A., Bakar, S. A., & Journal, E. (2018). Best Practices of Promoting a Positive School Learning Climate Among Headteachers of High Performing Primary Schools and Education-Blueprint 2013-2025 Malaysia. European Journal of Education Studies, 4(0), 288. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1408859DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  21. Salleh, M. J., & Hatta, M. (2018). Best Practices of Promoting a Positive School Learning Climate among Principals of Cluster Secondary Schools Towards Realization of Education Blueprint 2013-2025 Malaysia. Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal, 5(8), 223–233.Google Scholar ↗
  22. Salleh, M. J., & Kamaruddin, N. Z. (2020). Best Practice of Principals’ Communicating the School Goals and Evaluating Instruction in Generating Quality Teaching. European Modern Studies Journal, 4(2), 110–122. http://journal-ems.com/index.php/emsj/article/view/94/88Google Scholar ↗
  23. Salleh, M. J., & Mitul, S. J. (2021). Incorporating Principles of Instructional Leadership in Love Pedagogy towards School Excellence: Teachers Perspectives. International Journal of Advanced Research in Education and Society, 3(4), 91–108. https://myjms.mohe.gov.my/index.php/ijares/article/view/16666/8741Google Scholar ↗
  24. Sarok, A., & Jihet, R. (2012). The Relationship between Headmasters Instructional Leadership and Teachers Commitment. Scottish Journal of Arts, Social Sciences and Scientific Studies, 3(1), 3–26. https://www.academia.edu/8441153/The_Relationship_Between_Headmasters_InstructionalGoogle Scholar ↗
  25. Sukarmin, & Sin, I. (2021). School Health as the Mediator Variable: Determinants of the Principal Instructional Leadership Behavior. European Journal of Educational Research, 10(3), 1275–1286. https://doi.org/10.12973/eu-jer.10.3.1275DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  26. Tshering, N. (2022). Influence of principal’s instructional leadership on teacher performance in secondary schools of Thimphu district, Bhutan. Bhutan Journal of Research and Development , 11(2). https://doi.org/10.17102/BJRD.RUB.11.2.034DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  27. Walker, A. (2016). Exemplary School Principals’ Role in Teachers’ Commitment, Professional Involvement, and Innovativeness: Case Studies of Four School Principals. Memorial University.Google Scholar ↗
Author details
Mohamed Shujau-Abdul-Raheem
Kulliyyah of Education, International Islamic University Malaysia (IIUM), Malaysia
✉ Corresponding Author
👤 View Profile →